so good morning everyone so welcome to the third class and uh in this class probably
we'll be covering our backlogs and we'll be entering the extremist era sorry moderate era
and once we are done with the moderates we'll have to rush to the extremists and then
probably will have to welcome gandhi so always like will keep the
class interesting and entertaining but today in order to cover the backlogs
i need to cut other stuffs and focus only on the subject fine please bear with me for today and
tomorrow onwards the classes will be as usual fine uh this is a request on my side
and sorry for the inconvenience cost yesterday there was a like power cut for last
three to four hours yesterday therefore like there was a failure of the system and uh
that led to the inconvenience we regret it fine so we'll start
so yesterday like let us have a slight recap of things that we studied yesterday one thing is
like good morning and even today
please promise fine
if you want to meet gandhi you have to promise them so as we know
modern education and western thoughts role of press and literature expose of economic exploitation
understanding the true nature of british policies social religious reform movements
unification of the country in terms of social economic and administrative perspective and then
rediscovery of the past so with respect to the modern education and western thoughts
with respect to the modern education and western thoughts what was the intent of introducing the modern education in india one
to have a cheap supply of indians to do the clerical jobs
second one to act as interpreters are the mediators between the masses and the rulers
third one to create a class that is always loyal to the britishers who are indian in color
and blood but british in test and intellect but an untended unintended effect of this
particular policy change was there was a birth of
a class of educated indians who could differentiate between the conditions existing in the
indian and also in the western society even though we were ruled by the britain
they could see the changes in the systems so there they had
democracy equality liberty fine they had industries but in india
there was no democracy there was racial discrimination there was no liberties
and then in india the british policies had led to the de-industrialization
so the educated set of indians realized these differences and they started
mobilizing the masses to demand the britishers to grant them these things
fine and it also led to the rise of middle class intelligence as i told you
they are the urban middle class intelligentsia who are the first ones or who are the pioneers to get the english
education and they utilize the education to understand the contrasting differences between the
indian and the western situation by understanding the contrasting situation they started demanding the
british administrators to bring india in par with the western societies that was
their demands their early set of demands was introduction of democracy or providing us the representation to
practice equality to grant us the civil liberties to establish industries in india so that even indians can get the
job and india can also economically develop fine so this was their intent and i told you
numerous persons like dada bhai naroji rajaram mohan roy they were the early class of
educated indians and role of press what was the role of press the role of press was to
propagate the ideas fine it was to spread the ideas so these people
they had understood the differences between the indian and the western society now they need to spread
it to the larger masses larger audience whatever they have understood they need to tell it to other people how what was
the means it was through newspaper and through books they started explaining to the indian
masses regarding the prevailing conditions in india and what was needed fine and through newspapers they also
started mobilizing the popular opinion regarding the reforms fine they were politically educating the
masses they were educating the muslims about the prevailing situations in india they were educating the muscles about the exploitation
by the british authorities fine and literature have told you numerous books
poverty and unbeatable in india the economic history of india and write down two other books
nil darpan nil darpan
it is a book by deena bando mitra neela darpan
this book is regarding the indigo rebellion that happened in
1850s and early 1860s late 1850s and early 1860s nil darpan
it is a book written by deen bandu mitra right down in the margins this these are
things that are important for prelims deena bandu mitra
audio is quite low
indigo rebellion that happened in 1850s and 60s and write down about one more book
anand mutt anand mutt
anand
rebellion
and this year there was a question on a book called as
they share they share we will discuss more about it
during the swadeshi movement during the extremist phase okay i will explain you everything in
the extremist phase and i'll put up this question on the board and you will tell me the answer
don't look at the question as of now i want you to answer this question using the things
that i explained to you in the class fine so there are a lot of questions coming up in your psc
which are not i mean which are not directly from the book it needs application of your knowledge
fine this is one such question i'll help you to solve it don't worry okay and
regarding expose of economic exploitation so we got to know what was the
contribution of india's to world gdp in the year 1700 and what was it in the
year 1950 fine so it had actually decreased
it had actually decreased it was almost point four percent or twenty five percent
in seventeen hundred and it decreased to just four percent in
nineteen fifty why this happened because in 1700
india was the net exporter of goods goods as in the form of spices
tea cotton cotton goods silk all these were the primary
items of our export through this we were getting like lot of revenue inflow fine we had
positive i mean we had trade surplus fine our exports were more than our
imports and india was one of the richest country in the world and we were dominating the world trade like we alone accounted for
25 of the global gdp that was the kind of domination we had on the world trade but gradually
this decreased to just four percent why it was due to the de-industrialization
our domestic industries were destroyed by the britishers because they transformed india into a subservient trading partner
they used to export the raw material from us and import the finished goods leading to
the closure of our domestic cottage industries the artisans and handicrafts who lost
the job they entered the agriculture however agriculture was already less productive because of lack of
irrigation lack of advanced uh farming methods and there was overcrowding of
agriculture because a lot of soldiers belong to different indian kings they were disbanded and the soldiers who lost the job they
entered agriculture artisans who lost the job they entered agriculture agriculture was overcrowded
and this problem is bothering the indian economy even today okay
so our early nationalists they clearly expose the sort of economic exploitation
that was imposed i mean done by the britishers through various means
fine one was through land revenue policies second one was through export import policies third one was through
wars numerous wars they waste fine to expand their empire at the cost of indian taxpayers money fine indo afghan
wars indo burmese wars all these wars were fought on the indians money and finally as we discussed the salaries
of the british soldiers the salaries of the british officials were paid by the indian taxpayers money all their
expenses were made through indian taxpayers money okay so all this led to the severe
economic exploitation it was clearly highlighted in the theory of drain of wealth
okay theory of drain of wealth so which book talked about theory of drain of wealth
data by narrow this poverty and british school in india this was the book which gave something called as the theory of
drain of wealth fine how indian wealth drained towards england slowly we were
very rich but within 250 years we were impoverished so what happened to all our
wealth it was slowly drained towards british systematically in a very systematic manner
fine and then understanding the true nature of the british policies so the early educated
indians many of them that expectation that britishers the british rule in india is a sort of
boon to indians because in the books what they had studied was
the western society is one of the rational and the most developed society
fine rational scientific and the most developed society and they had heard about the colonies of the british like
canada australia and they are heard about the wealth or riches of england itself
so now they were excited that british are ruling india so they thought
they would introduce a similar type of development they would introduce similar type of reforms in india also
fine in britain we have democracy they thought fine in india also they will introduce democracy
fine there was equality there was liberty there was industries they thought british would introduce all these things
in india and would help indians prosper in every aspect of life but this did not happen
and at the i mean and what they realized was the exact opposite things were happening
the british rule in india was leading to de-industrialization our artisans our craftsmen they were losing the jobs
fine our industries were closing down because they could not compete with the cheap machine made goods of the british
industries fine and our farmers they were being exploited in two ways one they did not
get good returns for the crops which they cultivated second thing they had to pay high amount
of land revenues and this british administration introduced lot of intermediaries in the form of
zamindars taluk dars money lenders etc all of them are exploiting our indian farmers fine
apart from this there were certain events that happened in the
1870s that strengthened our understanding that strengthened our conviction
regarding the british rule that is british doesn't care about the development of india
in any manner all they mean is about exploiting india and its resources
fine their intentions were clearly exposed to us in the decade of 1870.
what were the things that signified us i mean which indicated to us one is
ilbert will controversy when the
ilbert a law member in the republicans vice versa executive council he sought to
introduce judicial equality and he wanted to remove the
racial bias in the judiciary by allowing indian judges to adjudicate
the cases involving the europeans now the bill was taken back
and ilbert was forced to resign fine so not only britishers but the entire
european community came together and protested against this particular bill so this showcase to us the importance of
unity fine despite the rivalries back at home despite their trade conflicts
in the matter of race they all came together and fought together so this was a sort of lesson to
us this showed us that we need to overcome our differences in order to put a united front against a common enemy
fine and then when the indian newspapers especially the vernacular newspaper started criticizing the misrule of the
britishers like waging the afghan war when the people of bengal
are dying out of starvation during the royal bengal feminine of 1870s
fine waging the war at the cost of indians and then royal dharbar of 1878.
so when indians were dying out of starvation they were conducting dharbar of their queen lavishly they were spending millions on it
fine so all these things they clearly exposed to us the misrule of the britishers the
expectation we had towards the britishers and the reality was totally contrasting fine it was totally opposite many
indians they realized it some indians they did not but many indians they realized this they were looking for an
opportunity to preach nationalism politically educate the masses and
launch a struggle against the britishers they were waiting for the opportunity but this contributed to the rise of
nationalism they understood the exploitative nature of the british school in india this was clear to them
okay and then social religious reformers as we discussed
indian society was riddled with numerous issues like social evil superstitions
inequalities etc so in order to bring the masses together the first thing needed was to educate them so that with
the help of the education with the help of the modern education they receive they will be able to discard the social evils irrational practices like
untouchability fine discrimination against women they have no religious sanction also but
still it was practiced so with the help of the modern education the reformers thought education will
clearly help them identify the social levels and they will understand the importance of
equality fine the important thing was one was regarding the gender
discrimination another was regarding the caste discrimination this was two of their
main intent gender and caste okay so
they wanted to bring the indian masses together they wanted to remove the dividing lines
see imagine what is the proportion of
male to female in the indian society
fine if you if at all if at all you keep them completely away
from the freedom moment do you think freedom moment would be successful it is like a bird flying with just one
wing imagine the bird flying with just one wing is it possible to fly higher
no so without women the freedom movement would not have been much effective
so who brought the movement to freedom moment it was the literacy they could understand the
situation of the country so that they could enthusiastically take part in the freedom movement along with their male
counterparts okay who took the first step forward to provide education to the women in india
there were a lot of reformers fine jyoti ishwar chandra vidya sagar
ramakrishna mission diana and anglo vernacular schools all of them played a prominent role in increasing the
literacy among women and also among the downtrodden sections of the society okay
disturbance in voice and video i don't agree with it yeah savitri by pulley true
so some people are linking it to the
current events like even today the nation is reeling under the effect
of corona people are losing jobs the incidences of poverty are
increasing economy is slowing down
fine but still government is focusing on building new parliament new temples
to an extent it is true but new parliament is very much needed because
the strength combined strength of the parliament as of now
we need to increase the strength why
day limitation is pending and if the number of seats in the parliament
is increased as per the population probably we might have 1200 mps
1200 mps in both like accounting for both lok sabha and rajya sabha it is very much under consideration increasing
the number of seats in the parliament so you cannot make the mps
stand on a corner and take part in the session there are our representatives so
that is the reason the parliament was much needed
parliament was much needed but i don't think it is the same case with other things fine i don't like to
elaborate further on those things fine delimitation exercise yes
if it is happening in 2024 means you need to be ready before that fine
so we were discussing about
social religious reformers they helped the masses come together imagine for example
if gandhi visits your village if gandhi visits your village in
1920 imagine there was no socialist reformers
fine there were no reformers and there was no reform movements in india till then gandhi visits your village and gandhi
gives all the villages a very good speech regarding the nationalism national
struggle why we should wage a war against the i mean why we should fight against the british rule the injustice they made it out to
indians gandhi will clearly explain it to you he will request all of you to join your hands
with him fine you will tell okay
imagine there are two persons in the village one belongs to the upper cast and one belongs to the untouchable cast
fine and if the untouchable even he is willing to join gandhi in his march
do you think the other people in the village will also walk along with gandhi
if the sense of untouchability had prevailed do you think if untouchable if he decides to walk
along with gandhi do you think other people of the village will also walk along the gandhi
no that will not happen because he is an untouchable and if in case
gandhi greets him gandhi huks him what will happen then
the people of belonging to the upper cash will not touch gandhi only
fine see you should thank the socialist reformers
because they played a greater role in alienating the sense of caste from the minds of the rural masses
fine even today even today 66 of the indians live in
rural areas only 33 lives in the urban areas fine
without the participation of the rural masses do you think our freedom movement would have been successful
now it is 66 33 66 percent of people in rural areas only 33 in urban areas
imagine the quantum back then 1920s it was like more than
1919 so without participation of the rural massachusetts do you think the freedom movement would have been successful
and who helped the rural masses to get educated social is reformers
and who helped the removal of the carsons it was the social religious reformers
okay they brought us the i mean they brought the sense of unity to our masses
fine they gave us literacy they helped us differentiate between good and evil
fine they played a prominent role in erasing the lines of caste
fine so they played a prominent role and then
unification of the country in terms of did we discuss this
did we discuss this unification of the country okay
does the volume of the increase moreover
so unification in terms of political administrative and economic aspects see
india during the 18th century
we witnessed lot of wars starting from carnatic wars witnessed a lot of them carnatic wars
battle of bhaksar battle of plassy anglo mysore anglo maratha wars battle of vandy bush battle of chinsura
third battle of panipath fine witnessed lot of wars in the 18th century
because of all these wars who will suffer the most
common man one indian soldier was just a peasant in
uniform indian soldier was just a present in uniform
he had become a soldier just to take care of his family fine indian soldier was just a peasant
in uniform p-e-a-s-a-n-t he was just a farmer and
agriculturist but when time came he used to wield the sword just to take care of his family and to serve his master
okay so now if the breadwinner is lost what will happen to the family
poverty fine and in 18th century there were
numerous wars that was fought in india and due to this wars we had to suffer economically
socially and politically politically a foreign power came to india socially
lot of families they lost their bread winner now they were poor lot of indians they
lost their jobs fine and economically number of our exports
it started declining our economic activities they started declining because whenever there is war whenever
there is war the ruling power will impose more taxation on you there will be plundering
there will be plundering as i told you plundering is nothing but looty the winning army will just travel
through the villages or the cities they will loot whatever they want because they have just one
okay this leads to lot of economic costs but
but by the time the british has introduced the western education in 1820s 30s and
all the peace had prevailed 1820s and 30s the peace had prevailed
so many educated indians who had read about all these wars they thought
britishers british rule is responsible for the prevailing peace in india if there
were no britishers probably indians would still be fighting the war
fine and due to our due to ours
india was cut into numerous pieces numerous pieces
mysore i mean raj of mysore raja tiruvankur rajav trichi nawaba
we had more than 550 princely states so 550 princely states
imagine like fighting amongst themselves how many wars would have happened in india so many educated indians they assume
that the british fool is responsible for the prolonged phase of peace in india
for them britishers appear to be the peacemakers in india and it is true
to certain extent because in 19th century india we do not see many wars because britishers are already occupied
majority of india by the end of 18th century okay and now
there were not many wars and also and also as we told
india had more than 550 princely states plus
there were british provinces of madras of bombay of bengal of agra
there were british provinces and it was british rule which held
all these things together it was british rule which held all these things together
so british rule was like a steel frame holding the india together fine
so after after mauryas
after guptas and after mughals
india became united under a single rule was during the times of britishers
only in certain points of history we were united under single rule
the entire india was under a single rule only in certain parts of our history that was under the rule of mauryas
guptas mughals and now under britishers we were united again and it was
britishers who gave us a proper political administrative and judicial setup so
that india could stitch together fine we had the idea of india we had idea
that we all belong to the bharatakanda fine we had idea that our country is great
we were proud about our culture but this sort of unity was imposed by the
british sword fine nobody talked about wars nobody talked about seceding from india because
of the fear of the britishers imagine if the nizam of hyderabad if you want to withdraw from india
will he dare to because britishers are ruling india if he rises in rebellion he'll be crushed
and it was due to the fear of the british war many princes remained within india remained with the union of india
fine so we should thank britishers to certain extent for unifying india
but later they were the reason for the partition of the country itself fine
during the post post-independence part we will discuss all those things but as of now uh the political unification or the
economic unification or the administrative unification of india was brought through britishers fine and
as i told you the modern means of transportation and communication they were the prime agents of unifying the
country fine they brought different parts of country together okay
which book i can find this in just write down the class notes more than enough
you can find lot of books the favorite book of you guys
spectrum okay spectrum is nothing but the summary of
five books one is grover and mehta vd mahajan
two bipin chandras fine two bipin chandras
and the ncrt spectrum is nothing but summary of these five books
ok but if you read spectrum you will not get the essence of the subject it is just a collection of facts spectrum just
as the collection of facts you can use it for revision but not for your first reading
fine you will mention lot of keywords but you will not explain any he'll mention lot of facts but you don't
know why it came fine once you know the story you know the history
you just need to fill in the names and dates that's all so just try to understand the essence of the subject
and later you can fill in the details okay so just focus on the classes don't worry
about anything else as i told you the chapters i cover are the topics i cover in the class after you go home try to
read the corresponding ncrts corresponding chapters in the ncrts class 8 and class 12 look for these
topics and revise it again if i had left something if i had left out something
just make a note of those topics or those facts in your class notes and make sure that you have just one source at
the end of the day this will help you for revision in the last minute don't maintain multiple sources
fine in your class notes itself if i missed any facts just write it down in the margins
at the end of the day you should have just one source you don't know the importance of revision as of now but
the day before the examination if you see a pile of books you are right to revise
that itself is enough to kill your confidence fine that is the reason i have one book
per subject not more than that okay
history of modern india should be it from starting
i don't know what is the starting that you are referring to if it is starting of the classes yes
from first class onwards whatever we discussed they are all relevant to the subject okay now
so the last thing is what we discussed was rediscovery of the past
so the britishers they were telling us that
india was the most uncivilized society fine the indians were the
barbarians we used to kill another human being for the sake of the food we indians were the nomads they were the
snake charmers there was not even an ayotte of civilization in indians indians were never civilized this was
what britishers telling us fine so they were propagating this
and they were telling we had invested our own resources to civilize indians if indians are wearing clothes today it is
because of us we civilize them if indians are speaking today in some language it is because of us before we
coming they used to speak the nomadic language so they claimed every
good thing for themselves and they told indians were uncivilized and we are
trying to civilize them and we are utilizing our resources to civilize them and this was called as theory of white
man's burden theory of white man's burden white man spending his own resources to civilize
the other countries to develop the other countries fine so this was the theory propagated by the
britishers to a certain extent even we believed that to certain extent even the educated
indians believed that we thought probably we did not have a good culture or a good
past probably we might be uncivilized probably britishers had helped us to get civilized but later
when there was emergence of uh great scholars as i told you swami dayananda saraswati
so they showed us the greatness of our scriptures cultures literature etc and there was discovery of indus valley
civilization which was regarded as the one of the most scientific and advanced civilization in the ancient times
fine and then there were certain european scholars who told us about our greatness
we did not know about our greatness they told us india is one of the country
which is a world in itself and max muller was of the opinion that sanskrit is the mother of all languages
so it is like we were shown the greatness of our culture by a european by a
foreigner and max muller put forward on more theory he told even indians they belong
to the aryan race he gave the concept of indo-aryan race so british are still now they were
telling that you belong to an inferior race and they are discriminating against us but now
when the maximum are told even indians belong to arya and race we got self-respect
we belong to the same race there should not be any discrimination okay we got the self-respect and the
confidence through all these factors there was sort of rise in nationalism
fine there was a increase in the sense of nationalism in the minds of indians
i told you what is nationalism nationalism is nothing but an ideal
it is an idea it is about uniting for a cause
fine what was the cause exploitation of our country
fine it is about uniting for an idea it is about making sure that the country's resources are utilized for the
well-being of the countrymen fine it is about protecting the sovereignty of our nation so nationalism
slowly started creeping into our minds and it started growing because of these factors and there are two other factors
please write on there are two other factors
i hope you remember all these things
influence of influence of contemporary world events influence of
contemporary world events
influence of contemporary world events right on the first point
early nationalists early nationalists
early nationalist what did you
ok some comments
so i don't know whether i should answer it or not fine
inspired or inspired by the ideals of or inspired by the ideals of
american revolution american revolution
in bracket you can write no taxation without representation
no taxation without representation no taxation without representation
influence of contemporary world events
inspired by the ideals of american revolution in bracket no taxation without representation and
close the bracket and french revolution french revolution
in bracket liberty equality and fraternity liberty equality and fraternity
liberty equality
and fraternity
find right on the next point the nationalist movements the nationalist movements
in happening in greece
greece
kama italy italy
and ireland ireland
also influenced also influenced
the indian nationalists
next point many educated indians many educated indians
were attracted towards many educated indians were attracted
towards the ideals of these movements
the ideals of these movements for example
for example surendranat banerjee
surendranath banerjee
gave a series of lectures
gave a series of lectures on mazani
m a z a n i
on mazani and this
young italy movement young italy movement
and also and also lala las patrai
la la las patrai frequently referred to
frequently referred to
garibaldi garibaldi
and this hundred
carbonaries are mercenaries garibaldi and is hundred carbonaries are
mercenaries
carbonaries is force have you seen three hundred movie
similar to that garibaldi has android men army of 100 men
fine so there was a question in upsc
i think in 2017 or 18 it was regarding the person
who had written the biography of garibaldi etc who was he
so now i think you are able to answer it lalala
fine let's move on to the next topic that is the role of
political organizations we are discussed about more unsure plus
this and now we will move on to the role of political organization in increasing the sense of nationalism
fine right on the next topic role of political organizations and this is a
very important topic because in prelims what i can see is
there is going to be like till 2018 till 2018
there is to be one question on the newspaper and one question on the association which association or which political party was found by this leader
they used to give numerous options which association of which political party was found by which person they
used to give numerous options it was either in the form of maths the following or they used to give numerous statements
but after 2018 including 2018 paper the trend has changed
fine earlier there used to be two questions one on one i mean one you belonged on the i mean one was on the newspaper
another one was on the political associations and since 2018
including both these topics there is only one question the question can be either on the
newspaper or any book or either on the association
okay so we talked about five to six newspapers and during the course of a discussion we'll discuss about at least
another 10 to 15 more newspapers fine as of now we know about five to six
newspapers and three to four books right
do you know it or not so from now on
this is a topic which has potential to fetch you two marks at least two marks okay please listen very carefully and
actually there is not many things left to explain in this particular topic
they are sort of factual upc can ask you a factual question from this topic who found it who are the founders of this
association i will give the match the following type of question or they will give the statement
fine which of the following are correctly matched or wrongly matched they can ask you such type of questions
so pay attention and listen to this topic okay role of political organizations
right on the next topic role of political organizations
i think class was online for everyone and as far as i know only technical team
won't make such chorus sound we feel betrayed sir
see i derive my energy from the crowd so
and made all the staff of insights sit in the classroom and they are making the noise
and don't feel betrayed ok you can like ask sachin also what
sachin rohit all of them are here
its not violation of article 14 under certain extraordinary circumstances even
article 14 are violated ok fine
so lets move on to the next slide role of political organizations please write down
these organizations were led by role of political organizations these
organizations were led by
educated middle class
educated urban middle class intelligentsia
educated urban middle class intelligentsia
having the having the
secular interests
next point these organization these organizations
voice their support voiced their support voy ced
voice they support for
local and regional grievances local and regional grievances
for example for example
puna sarvajanic saba puna sarvajanic saba
supporting the cause of puna sarvogenic saba
supporting the cause of farmers in deccan
farmers in decan in the wake of
in the wake of deccan riots
supporting the farmers in deccan in bracket you can write maharashtra
region maharashtra region during deccan riots
which here
in bracket right on 1870s
ok kama bengali intelligentsia bengali
intelligentsia
the educated people from bengal that's all supporting
supporting the farmers of farmers of
papna
bengali intelligence here supporting the farmers of pobna so papana is in which state
bengal
bengali intelligencing the intelligentsia supporting the farmers of pabna
and puna sarvajani saba supporting the farmers of dhaka in bracket maharashtra
during the deccan riots i'll explain you what were i mean what
was both deccan riot papa agitation etc when we discuss about the peasant moments but as of now
just ah stay put with this we'll explain it further like we will discuss all these
things in detail in length but as of now
why you allowed only few to attend
i did not follow sachin
and rohit they are part of insights they can attend any class they want
be it any optional or any class
fine ok right on the next point
these organizations these organizations
demanded reforms
demanded reforms in education
demanded reforms in education bracket universalization of education
universalization of
education comma
demanded indianization of civil services demanded
indianization of civil services
kama legislative reforms
legislative reforms
fine so let's start with organizations
let's start with organizations i hope the sound is on now don't worry there was a minor technical glitch
in 1836 in 1836 write down
write down in this form only if possible okay in 1836
the last word which i told was regarding the legislative reforms that's all now write down the
organizations indianization of civil services and then
legislative reforms i'll tell you what registered reforms they demanded etc when we discuss the
moderates okay that is the reason leave it as it is now and you will you will
understand every bit of the legislative uh reforms they demanded when i discuss the
moderates okay these are the overlapping sections that is the reason i am keeping it for
the upcoming topics okay legislative reforms after legislative reforms i didn't tell
anything
please write down the first organization bangabasha sabha
bangabasha saba by the association of by the associates of
rajaram mohan roy by the associates of rajaram mohan roy
bangabasa sabha by the associates of rajaram mohan roy
next organization was 1843
there were two organizations one was like zamindar's association or landholder
society and there was one more organization called bengal british indian society
they both came together and formed something called as british indian association
please write this down entire thing bengal british india society less land holders society together they
formed something called as british indian association
bengal british india society land holder society
fine and then together they came together to form something called as
british indian association okay
write down put arrow downward arrow put a downward arrow
and write down demands write down their demands
first demand demanded
representation of indians representation of indians
representation of indians in their administration
fine representation of indians in their administration second one
indianization of civil services
indianization of civil services
fine the next thing
was that they demanded civil liberties
demanded civil liberties and
civil liberties more than enough
forgot one important detail it was founded by a person called as
william adam william adam he was the founder
associates of rajaram mohan both these societies came together to form british indian association
first point was that they demanded representations of indians in their administration second one indianization
of civil services third one civil liberties okay it was founded by william
adam next one 1866
1866 east india association was founded
at london east india association was founded at
london by dada by nauroji
was founded at london by dada by naoroji
ok
intent intent was to educate
the british masses was to educate the british masses
regarding the plight of
plight of indians and
increase the public pressure
increase the public pressure on the british government
public pressure on the british government to grant reforms for indians
to grant reforms for indians
fine next one 1867
1867 puna sarvajanik saba
where was it formed puna
name itself indicates
is also known as the father of the indian economics
you can write it in the margin mahadev govindrana also known as the father of the
indian economics father of the indian economics
and he was also the he was also the founder of
indian social conference indian
social conference father of indian economics
founder of indian social conference he was the advocate of he was the advocate of
advocate of establishing modern industries in india
establishing modern industries in india modern industries in india
as he believed as he believed that the
industries are the engines of the economic growth as he believed that the industries
are the engines of the economic growth he believed that the industries are the engines of the economic
growth
see this bhangaba shop sabah it was not founded by rajaram mohan rai there were many of his followers and
associates they came together and they formed it there is no one specific name regarding the
founders of the bangabasha sabha don't worry much about it upc will not ask such absurd question
okay it was formed by the associates of rajaram mohan roy that's all
and uh the intent of forming the puna serogenic saba right
down the intent of forming the funa serogenic saba to act as a bridge between
to act as a bridge between masses
and the government to act as a bridge between masses
and the government
fine why
i will explain what is indian social conference later fine when we discuss the social register
for moments i'll explain what is indian social conference in order to briefly tell you see
india national congress in the early years itself
they believed that they will stick themselves only for the political issues they will not talk
about the social issues so in order to discuss and deliberate
and debate on the social issues that is bothering indians mahadev govind rana started something
called as indian social conference fine indian national conference was i
mean they the leaders decided that they will stick only to the political issues
that is representation fundamental rights freedom these things they will not discuss much
about the social issues because social issues are dividing if you advocate for eradication of untouchability the upper class will be
alienated from the congress so that is the reason they did not want to discuss much about the social issues because
social issues are dividing in nature 100 years ago so that is the reason they wanted to
confine themselves to the political questions of the opinion that no we should also
discuss about the social issues so this person started something called
as indian social conference and the sessions of the indian social conference used to happen
in the same venue as that of the indian national congress
fine in 1893 if indian national congregation happened in lahore
even indian social confrontation also used to happen in lahore right after the inc session this session
used to happen okay this was to discuss about the social
issues that was concerning the indians fine we'll discuss this in detail during
the social religious reform moments as of now this details is more than enough for you
okay there was one question in prelims regarding this if you know this details whatever i told
you now you can answer one question easily okay so the main intent of the classes
is to provide your preparation and exam orientation because there are lot of details in history fine every page
initially is filled with names places and dates fine you should be able to differentiate
which part of this is essential for your examination and how you can use it in the examination that is the intent of
attending the classes or else you can read the history books at your home only
intent is to know the areas which are important for the examination and how you can use the fine tune or use the exam i mean class
knowledge in the examination and to get the correct answers okay so
can you please send these ppts see apart from five to six ppd's in any class
my ppt does not consist of any information let the mod rate start
and i am damn sure that nobody will ask for my ppt's fine ppts just have diagrams squares
triangles etcetera it does not earn even a single bit of information fine
these are the five to six ppds which consist some information if i want i can share this with you but still see
there are just keywords which needs explanation having the ppt is not enough
this does not help you in any way after three months or four months if you open this ppt's obviously not remember
anything that is the reason i am making you write simultaneously or else i have given the print out of my ppt like
it will save me some time which i spend in form of notes dictation fine the intent is to get you prepared
for the examination fine when i dictate the notes for the coming parts you will understand the
importance of writing the notes right don't always resort to
the shortcuts in examination you can just i mean you cannot just attach the ppt's there you have to write it by yourselves
fine so i know like some people are writing answers constantly and some people are not
so at least in the class you have an opportunity to write things utilize it okay
these ppds will not help you much what did you write near 1866
1866 nothing the flight of to the public i dictated that to you okay
so to act as a bridge between the masses and the ruled what is like acting as a bridge
it is like conveying the demands of the masses to the british administration and getting
them fulfilled so that they can help the masses fine at the same time if the britishers
if they had to tell something to the masses they will convey it to the masses that is like acting as a bridge because
masses do not know english fine they do not know the terms like democracy equality all these things they
cannot interpret the law fine for you like for most of you the quality
classes are over fine how many acts have you read
do you know the text of the rti right education act or write to information act and recently there were
many bills passed in the parliament have you read the text of this particular acts no
you don't know them fine why you can understand the terms right but
still you have not read it and even if you read i am damn sure you will not even understand even off of it
because there is a legal jargon that is used in those particular files
you derive your knowledge out of newspapers newspapers simplify your job like they
take the burden they read the bear act they identify the flaws in that and then they'll write it in the newspaper these
are the good things in the act these are the bad things in that you just read it and that is how you derive your
knowledge that is the role of newspaper similarly here puna sarvajani sabha it acted as
the bridge between the masses and the ruled fine whatever the administration used to
tell people cannot comprehend it easily because it will be in a different language and it will be in a different
context and people of india they are not matured enough to understand either the legal jargons or the english
so they thought it is their moral responsibility to act as a bridge between the masses and the ruled ok
the next thing right on 1875
1875 indian league establishment of indian league
by sister kumar gauche
shishir kumar gosh
where did we hear the name shirkumargos amrit bazar patrika
amrit bazar patrika
fine right on the next point intent to spread the nationalism
to spread the nationalism
all across india all across india and to motivate
the youth and to motivate the youth
to take part in the to take part in the nationalist activity
see you need not have to remember all the facts and all the dates whichever i explicitly spell it out in
the classroom you just remember that they are more than enough it is humanly impossible to remember all the dates and all the names and all the places i know
the limitations fine they are humanly impossible ok and
tell us how to read news read history through the newspapers it takes some time like
i have not actually started the syllabus itself these are just the introductory stuff i just wanted to finish them yesterday
but these two some issues the power issues it could
not happen that is the reason i am about to enter the subject fine and
only one intent in one linten point in 1867
one intent is more than enough if you saw that intent properly fine so
if you have multiple intents and if you don't achieve it that's of no use okay and
should we study your notes and ncrts every day it's better if you study because
it helps you ultimately revision is the only thing that will save you and how to read between chandra
okay between chandra start reading and you will go with the flow
as of now it's better if you go through ncid's of class 8 and class 12. you can keep the piping chandra towards
the later part of the classes fine i'll let you know the time from when you should start reading the women's and
rajasthan beeping chandra will look a book full of facts for you when you'll not be able to relate much of it that is
the reason as of now go with only class 8 and class 12 ncit's and whenever i complete a topic or a particular chapter
you just go to the ncrt look for those particular chapters or the topics cover them and as i told you if there is
anything extra that is not discussed in the class please write it down in the margins
fine and feel free to convey to me also no issues okay
and make sure the classes are comprehensive as much as possible but if there are some things missed out i'm glad to know like it'll help all of you
okay so that is how you update your notes and keep updated with the subject also
fine please repeat the last point
ncrt 12 vpn don't read between sandra now who started inc
why are you so obsessed with inc let me come like we are talking about 1836 and you're asking about 1885 all of a sudden
you want me to go chronologically or not please wait fine
so 1875 is done please right on 1876 indian association
indian
association started by surrendering banerjee
surendranath banerjee and anand mohan bose
anand mohan bose
with the intent of with the intent of intent
with the intent of unifying the masses
unifying the masses and spreading the political awareness with the intent of
unifying the masses and
spreading the political awareness
and write down one important point regarding this this was
the first major attempt towards this was the first major attempt
towards creating creating
all india platform all india platform or organization
this was the first major attempt towards creating all india platform or organization
1884 1884 madras majan sabha
madras mahajan sabha
where was it founded madras simple
1884 madras majan sabha founders
charlo
and then veera ragava charyar veera ragava charyar
veera ragava charir
ask a question regarding the british indian association british indian association have already asked a question about william adam he
was the founder and there was question about this particular organization in 2017
that given the fourth name they taught on the upsc told
madras mahajan sabha founder was gazulu lakshmi narasimha shetty
gazulu lakshmi narasimha city fine
and many people they thought they assumed probably he might also be the founder
and we they thought he there is a possibility that he can also be a founder of madras maja and
sabah probably we don't know fine and i can assure you that these three
are the only founders of madras maj and saba there is no fourth name fine
there is no fourth name the fourth name comes it is wrong
don't think about a possibility in the examination hall your preparation should end
by the time you reach the examination hall when you reach there don't explore the possibilities
you should be prepared by then okay these three are the only names
okay right on the next one 1885
bombay presidency association bombay presidency association
founded by
indian association by anan mohan bose and surendranath banerjee
bombay presidency association founded by firosha mehta
hiroshima
ji
was the first president of inc
umesh chandra banerjee umash chandra banerjee
second president of inc
who was the first indian muslim to be the president of inc
syed badrudin tayabji first indian muslim right down in the margins first president of inc um
chandra banerjee wo mesh umesh chandra banerjee
1886 it was [Music] 1886
1887 sayad badrudin tayabji first indian muslim to be the president of inc
1888 george yule first european to be the president of
inc 1888 george ewell
first european to be the president of inc
george ewell
okay
you will get to know whether they were all of them were mad rates or not wait for it sayat badudin chairji you
are done with this let's go to indian national congress
indian national congress finally the wait has ended we are able to see inc
indian national congress founded by
not only aou write down in the margins hebo
he was a famous
ornithologist he was a rated ics
and a famous ornithologist
he was a retired ics officer and a famous ornithologist
famous ornithologist what do you mean by ornithology
bird watching bird watching
i know a lot of you are very good experts at it
bird watching and evo was one of the very good famous bird watcher okay
and he was a ics officer and the second founder
right on dada by naroji dada by naroji
when somebody asked you that who is the founder of congress don't just tell aou and end it there
even indians have a major role to play regarding the establishment of
inc now roji and then
deensha edulji watcha d e watcha d e vacha
deensha edulji watcha
okay
inc founded in 1885 first session happened in bombay there were three founders one is
alan octavian hume was also a famous ornithologist bird watcher and also he
was a retired imperial civil servant and third person was deensha edulji watcha
ok the intent of establishing inc will discuss it in detail for time being spirit i mean limit
right on the national organization 1888
1888
foreign
okay in the last of the class please say what to reference
whatever we discuss in the class search for those topics in ncrt
when you find those topics in ncrt please read it
it will have just letters and words in english
okay there is nothing to explain with respect to you i told you he is an earth only
theologist and rated civil servant 1888 write down united patriotic association
united patriotic association
united patriotic association established by
established under the leadership of sir syed ahmed
of banaras
rajashu prasad of
alight movement founder of alleged moment
intent was aimed at
reforming the muslim society reforming and modernizing the muslim society
intent was aimed at reforming and modernizing the muslim society
by promoting the spread of by promoting the spread of spread of
modern education
ok so these are the main
political organizations which played a very important role in the spread of nationalism or in the rise
of nationalism and among these organizations why inc assumes most of
the importance
why inc assumes most of the importance
any idea and look at the names of the
organization
one bangabasha sabha limited to only bengal region
again this is limited to only bengal region fine
and it was originally founded to protect the interests of the zamindars land holder society who are the land holders
back then zamindas this organization was formed to protect the interests of zamindars not the common people and next
east india association it was founded in london not even in india puna sarojini saba limited to puna
indian league fine this was also majorly limited to bengal region even
though the name is indian shishir kumar ghosh was a leader from the bengal region amrit bazar patrika you know it
okay and then indian association this was the major attempt by an indian to form the all
india body again we can see two regional bodies puna sarojani saba was established back then 1867 now madras
mahajan sabha and bombay presidency association again limited to small areas
and this is only one among the three organizations which
which as the name indian at least okay
and and this organization indian association
who are trying to establish it two indians two indians they wanted to make it an all india
association which has presence in different parts of the country they wanted people from different parts of the
country to come to come together in a single platform and fight against the britishers
fine it was two indians were trying to establish it do you think britishers will allow
indians to launch an organization establish it branches in different parts
of the country allow the people to join the organization and launch a struggle
against the british itself britishers are not fools they will not allow such an attempt
fine ok now
indian association was under the leadership of two indians
but here this person evo hume
he took the lead he was a loyalist of the british government fine
he was the loyalist of the british government and in 1870s you have witnessed numerous events
numerous events which were against the britishers there was anti-british feeling rising in
india due to numerous events as i told you bengal famine royal darbar vernacular press act
afghan war indigo rebellion and deccan riots i told you numerous decrees
in the age of maximum age of civil servants
from 21 to 19 years all these things all these things had aroused a popular sentiment against
the british government people were now angry against the british government and numerous organizations were also formed
and during this particular time frame during this particular time frame many indians were angry against the
britishers even britishers they noticed this particular change because numerous organizations were getting established
and they started getting the support of the masses fine they started getting the support of
the masses so british has clearly identified that there is anti-british sentiment prevailing in
india find people are not liking the british administration
so if indians form an association if indians form an association
and all india association and if people are allowed to get enrolled to that association probably it
will be a very good very big problem to the britishers themselves because
indians will be the founders and indians will mobilize the public against the britishers it will be a very big threat
to the british intentions or british school in india fine so what if what if
a person who is loyal to the british establishes an organization
what if a person who is loyal to the british who had served the british empire for numerous years
established an organization that person was evo hume britishers allowed he volume to establish an
organization because they thought inc is going to be a safety wall
what is safety wall in the pressure cooker on the top of it you can see the safety wall if the pressure increases to a
greater extent that wall will open slowly and you will let out the pressure similarly if you take india as a cooker
if you take india as a cooker the pressure was very much increasing the anger of the masses against the
british rule was very much increasing this anger should be let out through some wall
or else the system will burst producers did not happen the india to burst with anger because it will be threat to their
own rule in india so they wanted someone to act as a safety wall what was that safety wall
inc fine britishers allowed aom to establish an
all india organization because they walked it they wanted inc to act as a safety wall what is safety wall
it is a piece of wall which will allow which will allow the system to vent out the pressure if
there is too much pressure in the system in the cooker cooker will burst fine there should be some mechanism to
let the pressure out fine it will keep the safe i mean it will cook the i mean it
will keep the cooker safely it will keep the cooker safely it will maintain the balance in the system so they wanted inc
to act as a safety wall so when
surrendering energy he was searching ahead in forming an all india association he had established indian
association and in 1883 in 1883 yargan is something called as national convention
he called the different leaders from different parts of country and he held a very big meeting in 1883 he called
leaders from different parts of country and he held a very big meeting in that meeting he spoke about
mazani young italy movement and he also told all of the indian leaders that it is a time for us to come together to
fight against the miserable of the britishes one british as well misruling indian second one he had an anger against the
britishers why he was removed from ics he had cleared all the stages
fine on a silly pretext he was removed from the civil services two anger was
there one misroll second one personal anger fine british could not use this talent
now he is using his talent to mobilize the masses against the britishers he could have been a very good administrator
fine so he was searching guide he had organized a national convention okay and in 1884
1884 1885 the organ is something called as national fund he wanted to mobilize the fund for the sake of establishing
branches of his association in different parts of country so that he could attract the masses to take part against the britishers
it was organized something called as national fund fine you have to collect the fund to
establish branches in different parts of country in order to and
you have to publicize about your organization in different parts of country so that people come together
join your organization and you can launch a struggle against the britishers
surrender banerjee and anand mohan bose they were taking the lead 1876 itself they had established indian association
1883 that organized national convention which was a success
fine many leaders had come from different parts of country now britishers were alarmed
they did not tolerate this because an indian is forming an association and is getting very good
response they could not tolerate this and again in 1885 when he organized the
national fund he got very good amount of funds so now britishers sense the danger they sense
the danger to their rule in india fine in order to sideline the efforts of surrendering energy they told dear
volume go ahead wanted to form something right go ahead and form it
so inc was formed as a safety wall this safety wall theory was put forward
by lalala patrai but but do you think indians are fools
especially gopal krishna clay firosha
they are not fools they they did not blindly believe in your voice
they did not blindly believe in a volume they were the moderate leaders they were the moderate leaders they did
not blindly believe in a volume they are their set of reasons to keep quiet and work under the congress at
least in the initial years okay i'll tell you all those reasons
i'll tell you all those reasons and before going to those reasons i want you to know the intent of establishing
the inc so let's take a break for 10 or 15 minutes and we can continue
the class till 2 ok so the class will end at 2.
i hope you are all with me
welcome back so i was discussing about the theory of
safety evolve and the lightning conductor
the class ended because i mean the break was prolonged because there was no availability of the
rechargeable battery so we have to get it and we have to restart so it took quite some time it was not
like me resting and all okay i was right here in the class and i don't like brakes
it will break my flow flow of thoughts fine to break the continuity when i
don't like breaks i like to take the class three are in a stretch
but since you people demand for it out of necessity i'll give the breaks that's all
ok so now
with chapters ncrts are the small books please go through ncrts and find the relevant
chapters ok
no audio audio is there
i am audible sachin
i am audible okay audio is there please check your
system okay so i was talking about starting
the chapter regarding the moderates so that was what i was telling before the break and uh
we will continue the class till we are done at least off of
the syllabus with regard to the moderates okay so
i was talking about two theories that is theory of safety wall lala believed that inc was established
as a safety wall to save the british rule okay to save the british rule
because the pressure was mounting in indian society against the britishers because of their misdeeds and
misadventures that happened in the decade of 1870 and 1880s okay the pressure was mounting indians
were getting more and more angry against the britishers so because of that in order to vent out
the pressure and in order to save the british rule in india they allowed ao hume to set up inc even though there was
attempt by the indian leaders like surendra banerjee fine the britishers
placed numerous hurdles in his path and made sure that aoyum succeeds at establishing the inc first
fine they bypassed the efforts of suryandanath banerjee ok
so inc washed inc was established
okay as a safety wall as per the lalalas patrai
but as i told you the early nationalists were not fools the early nationalists they were not fools
so even they understood the colonial designs
they knew that no indian britishers would not allow any indian to establish an all india organization the two
against the britishers itself they wanted to use aome as the lightning conductor what do
you mean by lightning conductor see
if lightning strikes you if lightning strikes any object obviously
it will be electrocuted the things would burn down to ash right
if lightning strikes any object it will burn down to ash when it will be destroyed
there is something called as lighting conductor that is used above the very big buildings
fine to make sure that the strike of lightning does not have any effect on it
this particular part is called as lightning conductor it will save the building or the establishment from the
effect of lightning it is like the early nationalist wanted to use
aouum as a shield they wanted to use aouum as a shield
against the british oppression inc was founded by yeo jung to act as a safety wall
early nationalist they thought they will use aom as a shield against the britishers
since it is established by aom britishers will have a faith in the activities of inc they will believe in
inc they will not suppress inc so the early nationalist was of the opinion that they can use inc as a
shield fine or an umbrella against the rainfall of the british anger that's all
okay this is nothing but they wanted to use inc as a lightning conductor aoum wanted
to use it as a safety wall to enter the pressure and to save the british rule whereas
indian nationalist early indian nationalist they wanted to use inc as a lightning conductor to escape from the
wrath of the british empire to escape from the anger of the britishers okay they would not allow any indian to
establish an organization fine a british order established it a person who is loyal to the british had
established it they wanted to use it as a forum for their anti-british activity
just like initially they disguised as the loyalist of the british empire because they had
certain limitations and there were certain set of reasons they had to act as a they had to act as a loyalist of the british empire
if you show to a british that you are a traitor that you are against them obviously britishers will not take more than a
second to crush you because they are the ones they are the most powerful ruling power in the entire world
they are the most powerful rulings okay they are ruling over the empire where the sun never sits
they were controlling more than three dozen countries such was the vastness of the british
empire it will not take more than like how many delegates did how many delegates attended the first
session of inc it was just 72. fine do you think britishers will take
lot time i mean much time to suppress just 72 delegates no it will not take them more than a minute
fine they were such a huge empire indians wanted to use inc as a lightning
conductor to protect themselves from the wrath of the british empire
fine so they have to make britishers believe that inc is good inc is not against
their british interests inc is not against britishers so initially the professed loyalty to the britishers just
to make britishers believe in them fine in order to earn the trust of the
british rulers they acted as if they are loyal to the britishers some of them were really loyal but some
of them acted as if they were loyal there are certain reasons there are certain limitations because it was the
national movement was in its early stage fine it was just like a small sprout
or a small plant it is it to get its root
fine it is just a small plant okay so it is just a sprouting time it is
very easy to crush the sprout so that is the reason they wanted to protect it
till it grows as a tree find they wanted to nationalism to grow as a tree it is just a sprouting time
for it they did not want the national movement to get crushed in its early stage so that is the reason they acted
as if they were loyal to the britishers they acted as if there was no threat to the british empire by the inc
there are certain limitations as i told you they did not get the mass base fine they did not have very good
following they did not have the mass support to a greater extent so there are certain limitations that is
the reason they acted within the limitations okay this is nothing but the theory of
safety wall and the lightning conductor there are two theories regarding the establishment of inc one is theory of
safety wall fine britishers thought so they can use inc as a safety wall against the anger of
the indians another one is theory of lightning conductor indian nationalist they thought they can use inc as a lightning
conductor to escape from the wrath of the british empire okay now it's time to proceed to the next
part please write down few things
a volume a volume
right on inc as i heading inc is aiding indian national congress as an adding
and below that right on aom was an enlightened imperialist
was an enlightened imperialist
he saw he saw
the widening gulf the whitening gulf comma
increase in dissatisfaction increase in dissatisfaction
you saw the whitening gulf you saw the whitening gulf comma
increase in dissatisfaction and anger against the
british rule increase in dissatisfaction and anger against the
british rule
between between rulers and the ruled between the rulers and the ruled
and at the same time fully stop and at the same time
at the same time surendranath banerjee
surendranath banerjee was searching ahead was surging
searching ahead to establish
establish a pan-india organization
establish a pan-india organization
and as a precursor to it and as a precursor to it
you had organized you had organized national conference
it organized national conference in bracket in eighteen eighty three
national conference in 1883 which received warm response
which received warm response warm
from leaders from leaders
all across the country
and in 1885 and in early 1885 and in early 1885
he went ahead he went ahead
and organized organized
collection of collection of national fund write it within double
quotes national fund national fund
to propel to propel
its efforts to propel his efforts
of creating an all india organization
to propel his efforts of creating an all india organization
fully stop since
surendranath banerjee since surendranath banerjee
was professing was professing
was professing the ideals of was professing
the ideals and teachings of the ideals and teachings of
mazani and garibaldi mazani and garibaldi
which were clearly which were clearly
in michael which were clearly in michael
to the interests of the british empire clearly in michael to the interest of
the british empire
clearly inimical to the interest of the british empire he was given
he was given he was given
permission he was given permission to go ahead
to go ahead and establish
and establish inc
inc as a safety wall inc
as a safety wall
through which through which they were successful
through which they were successful in bypassing
through which they were successful in bypassing
suryendranath banerjee surendranath banerjee
and his national conference suryandranath energy and its
national conference
next point
at the same time at the same time
enlighted enlightened indian nationalists enlightened
indian nationalists like
d
wanted to use wanted to use
inc and aou wanted to use
inc and ao hume
they wanted to use inc and aoung dada bhai naroji
deenshai dulji watcha sayyid badrudin tayagi wanted to use inc and aom as a
as a lightning conductor lightning conductor
against against the possible
wrath of empire against the possible
wrath of wr ath
wrath of empire
ok so next point
in early days in early days
inc inc
was organized
in a pro british organized in a
pro british manner
pro british manner it clearly depicted
and it clearly depicted its
anti-russian intentions anti-russian
intentions
so i will repeat everything left fastly so please note it on so at the time at the same time
enlightened indian nationalists like dada by now roji de wacha sb tayabji
wanted to use inc and aom as a
enlightening i mean lightning conductor lightning conductor against the possible
wrath of the empire okay so
they wanted to use it as a anti-russian body because russia was
planning to expand to india they had a very good they had very good
influence they had gained very good influence in the tibet region they had gained very good influence in the afghan region the next i mean
russians had gained very good influence in the afghanistan region and also in the tibet region and they had intentions
of spreading their empire to india also russians had an intention of spreading their empire to india also that is the
reason they started expanding their influence in the neighborhood of india fine they had come till afghanistan
that come till tibet so india like they are at the doorstep of india
so in order to promote anti-russian sentiments in india in order to promote
anti-russian sentiment in india they used inc as a tool to do so
they used inc as a tool to promote the anti-russian interests pan-indian organizations means all india
organization that's all pan-india means all india okay
see as i told
in europe there were rivalries between different countries yesterday i had told there were numerous
powers existing within the europe british france
fine there was austria like whose power got diminished after the german unification
but there was russia all three powers had set their eyes on
india fine french they were existent in india but after the battle of andy was they were
washed away british they are ruling india and britain is deriving its wealth out of
india britain was so powerful so rich its industries were very well established because of
india support only they used india as a both supplier of raw material and also
consumer of its finished goods fine they were drawing lot of the resources from exploiting india
so india was like a diamond in the crown of the british empire fine india was like a diamond in
the crown of the british empire so everybody had the rice set on india everybody wanted to snatch india away
from britain if india is snatched away gradually britain will weaken and at the same time
they can exploit india for their benefits so everybody's size was set on india fine though the britishers had exploited
us for 150 years still india was very rich in terms of resources all the
nations wanted to expand their empire in india russia was
not left alone even russia had heard about invention i mean it also had
harvard its intention to expand to india so now russians
they had come till afghan region fine and at the same time
they were increasing their influence in the tibet region
on both sides of india they were increasing their presence and influence
they clearly manifested that they want to rule over india but
they were in the early stages of the preparation later during the first phase of revolutionary moment there is something
called as gather movement while explaining other movement i will also explain you the
russian support which they sought to get during the revolution there was something there was something
called as gada revolution so this revolutionaries gather revolutionaries they wanted to get the support of
russians for like for organizing a revolutionary activity in india so
there is such event so while explaining that i will clearly explain you the russian role but here
understand that rashad had an intention of expanding to india so that is the reason they were in the doorsteps of
india so now british
wanted inc to promote the anti-russian sentiments
because it is established by a ics officer who was loyal to the britishers
if russia tries to enter india and if people support russia what will happen to the britishers britishers was just
two lucky number in india fine if russia tries to invade india
and indians also support russia probably britishers will not be able to rule over india that is the reason in order to
protect their own interest in order to promote the anti-russian sentiments among the masses
they used inc in the early days okay who set up inc it was a volume was
a british loyalist that is the reason they used inc as a tool to promote the anti-russian sentiment because rashad
had the intention of expanding to india fine i hope you understood by now
yes india was a golden goose ok
so now time to go ahead i think we spent a lot of time on this
ok please write down the aims of establishing inc
the aims of establishing inc
first one
molding india into a moulding india m-o-u-l d-i-n-g
molding india
into a
secular and a democratic nation
second one second one india was a diverse nation india was a
diverse nation
india was a diverse nation in terms of language culture
religion etc language
culture religion etc
therefore there was a need to unify indians
there was a need to unify indians on a common platform
fine third one to create a common platform on which
to create a common platform on which
people from people and leaders
people and leaders from all across the country from all across the country
from all across the country can come together can come together
and form an united front and form an united front
against the british form a united front against the british
last point educating
creating a common platform on which people and leaders from different parts of country could come together and form
a united front fine it is an all india body so people from different parts of
country people from tamil nadu and kerala and people from himachal and jammu kashmir at the same time people
from gujarat and also people from bengal can come together and fight against britishers together
from a common platform that is inc okay that was the intent of the third point
creating a common platform last point educating and mobilizing the masses
educating and mobilizing the masses
against the misrule of the britishers
educating and mobilizing the masses against the
misrule of the britishers and to seek
reforms and to seek reforms
by pressurizing the and to seek reforms
by pressurizing the administrators
fine write on the last point
the early nationalist leaders
who are also called as moderates
moderates took a lead
to khalid took a lead l-e-a-d
in fulfilling fulfilling
these objectives fulfilling these objectives
took a lead in fulfilling these objectives
see a volume will not let inc to mobilize the masses against the misrule
but there were other indian leaders who were educated and they had the intentions
of making inc as a anti-british body fine
aom see i am talking about the aim of inc not the aim of a volume
okay inc is not equal to a volume inc is a body which consists of many
persons many individuals many leaders one person is a loyalist does not mean that inc is totally a loyalist body
there were other leaders who armed such intentions okay i am talking about inc as a whole not with respect to a volume as an
individual fine
write down a fresh chapter open a fresh page
and write down a fresh chapter moderate face finally we fulfill the promise that we gave to
the dada by naoroji and gopal krishna gokula finally gokle will
introduce you to gandhi in the coming classes because it was gokle was the mentor of gandhi and invited gandhi to
return to india fine gukley was the mentor of mahatma gandhi and he was the one
who told gandhi to return to india okay
see focus on the things that i am doing now pre 1857 part i have told you
see when you are attending a subject please attend it from the class one the class one itself i clearly showed
you which part of history is more important fine you clearly understood that 1707 to 1857
hardly few questions are asked 1857 to 1947 majority of the questions
are from this part so as a student what should be your intent it is to cover the part which is
more important and more relevant for the examination okay that is the intent we are starting from this part since we are starting
from this part does not mean that we will neglect the earlier part we will also give the due importance to that part so please don't ask me this question
again and again i am not going to explain it to you again and again you have clearly discussed this and you also clearly agreed to it
and now don't pester me again and again with respect to this particular point if you want i can start with 1707 only i'm
like completely equipped with it ok when i am doing it for your own sake
like
we will discuss the revolt of 1857 also revolt of 1857 will be our last class we
will end our class on a high fine
so we have to start with moderates and before starting with moderates i just want to show you a few things
i hope you saw the video in the first class itself
but unfortunately i thought of like starting these topics in the at the end of
right starting these topics in the second class but we have arrived at it
by the end of third class we are very slow that is the reason i titled today's class as covering the backlogs
okay enjoy the video
foreign
it is a french word
class did not end here today slides
ok so now tell me moderates
what is their philosophy
why do we call them as moderates who are the moderate leaders
did you write down all these things okay we will answer we'll we'll try to
answer all these topics throughout our discussion so what is the philosophy of the
moderates any idea sound
sound is good
sound not audible
buffering so what is the philosophy of moderates
please right on
as the subwedding philosophy of moderates and every philosophy is adopted because
of certain reasons and visto and with respect to alternate attaining certain ends
okay every philosophy is adopted
with due to certain reasons and in order to achieve certain ends there will be certain intents of
following a certain philosophy okay i will explain to you them in detail
so this is the philosophy of moderates please write down this small sentence
phase between 1885 to 1905 is known as moderate phase
the phase between 1885 to 1905 is known as the moderate phase
eighty 1885 to nineteen zero five
is known as the moderate phase
ok so any idea what is p3
very good p3 any idea please write on
try a triangle like this so that you can remember it very easily
prayer
petition
and protest prayer petition and protest
with the intent of with the intent of
politically
educating the masses and with the intent of
having political connections
with the ruling class
fine to have the political connection with the ruling class like
british mps etcetera
to help them bring the reforms
prayer petition and protest
not participation prayer petition and protest
fine this is p3 with the intention p2
this is what i told in the video p3 plus p2 this is the philosophy and intent of the
moderate philosophy okay what is prayer
you are praying the colonial masters to grant some reforms sir we want this
indians want this fine we are praying the colonial masters to grant you some reforms grant you some
concessions sir give us representation in the legislature
take indians take more and more indians into the civil services fine sir vernacular press act is very
bad to the indian press please repeal it we'll pray them and we will write all
these demands in the form of a petition sir we want this to be fulfilled so we want this to
be fulfilled fine we will write all these demands in the form of petition and will
submit it to the british authorities fine we'll write all the demands
legislative demands administrative demands welfare demands fine all these demands will be written
in the form of a petition and we will be submitted to the british authorities
fine we will pray for the fulfillment of these demands so please get this done we are demanding this
please get this done why do we pray why do you pray to god because you believe in god
you believe in god similarly early moderates believed in the empire they used to
pray to the british administrators for the fulfillment of
these demands what is protest if these demands are not fulfilled they
used to exhibit the mildest form of the constitutional protest sir please
please sir please fulfill them sir please this was the
maximum protest they used to do they used to showcase the dissatisfaction
only in the words the two constitutional words not by
doing dharana outside their office or
throwing slippers at them or hurling the blanking blacking at them it
is not like that it is like mildest form of the constitutional protest
sir i am dissatisfied you are not doing this so the mildest form of constitutional
protest it should feel like a protest also but it is not actually the protest
at the present circumstances it does not work fine this form of constitutional protest
does not work it also includes walking out of the legislature
nowadays frequently the opposition will walk out of the legislature if their demands are not fulfilled
if certain bills are not discussed if the changes that they recommend are not included in the bill
they will walk out of the legislature so that was also one of the form of the constitutional protest that was
introduced in india by the moderates fine they used to write the petitions they used to write down all the demands
list down all the demands that they wanted the british authorities to grant to india fine and they wanted to i
mean and they prayed the britishers for the fulfillment of their petition demands and if they those demands were not met
they used to exhibit the mindless form of the constitutional protest to showcase that they were dissatisfied
this protest is not like what is happening in aryana punjab border
this protest is unlike what happened during 2011 anna jan
this protest is unlike 2012 nearby protest this protest is like
exhibiting a mildest form of dissatisfaction sir we are not satisfied
is like walking out of the legislature just walk out sir you are not satisfied
sir i am going out fine so now it has become a fashion but back
then that was a severe thing so in 19
in the first decade of 1900 i think in 1904 1904
or 1906 ferocious america walked out of legislature that became a very big issue in the british newspapers they criticized
hiroshima method for violating the spirit of parliament so walking out of parliament was a
thing that hurt them britishers even today the british parliament they follow very
good conventions and rules once the speaker
stands up every member irrespective of their party
irrespective of their position whether they are ministers or the prime minister whoever it is
fine irrespective of their demands whether they are satisfied unsatisfied whether they are holding dharan or not it does
not matter once the speaker stands up the floor belongs to speaker and everybody has to sit down and respect
his position fine in england they follow a convention that the floor of the house belongs to
the speaker and once the speaker stands up everybody has to sit down nobody should talk
this is the convention that they follow that is the reason the proceedings of the british
parliament are very good to watch but recently what happened in karnataka state legislative council
the deputy chairman of the legislative council was thrown out of the house
fine and what happened tamil nadu state assembly
tamil nadu stated early 90s
in the legislative assembly itself her sari was pulled
and she took the revenge in a very great manner karna needy was arrested in the midst of the night
and they purposefully pulled out his lungi ok
and recently one parliamentarian took the paper spray to protect himself
against the opposition parties other mps was there a need paper spray used by the
women to protect herself from the arizers but one mp felt that he needed paper
spray in the parliament itself and in karnataka assembly i think in the year of 2008
there was one mla who stood on the diaz and he tore his shirt
fine this showcases the decrease in the
parliamentary discipline the kind of legislators that we are electing it also clearly depicts the need for
electoral reforms because in india more than one third of our legislators
are from criminal background and what do we expect from the criminals
this is the sort of behavior they exhibit in the house be it in there be it in the parliament or in the house or
in the public meeting so it's not their mistake
it's not the mistake of the system also the mistake lies in us
fine so i'll try to give a glimpse of the electoral reforms that are new i mean
required but now coming back to the topic when firosha mehta walked out of the
indian legislative council that is the present form of i mean the present form is parliament back then it was called as indian
legislative council when firosha mehta walked out it was severely criticized you are exhibiting i mean you are
showcasing the disrespect towards the parliament's culture that was like that is how he was criticized by the english newspapers
okay and that was the mildest form of the constitutional protest you can exhibit they were not protesting against the
britishers in a harsher manner they were not stowing strippers that just like
people throw out the favorite leader whenever one party's donations go down
suddenly there will be an incident there is one political party in india
when it's i mean it tells the people that it runs solely on the people's
funding and whenever the funding rate it goes down suddenly there will be some incidents where
either in the press meet or in the public meeting somebody will throw the slipper at the leader of that particular party
suddenly the public donation spike up fine and there is certain other incidents
where that leader will be slapped or strangled by the public suddenly the public donation spikes up
fine so i don't want to name like
you know you are like educated people
like salman khan in this movie what which party i don't want to name any
party or person or a leader a lot of regards for respect for
all the political leaders for all the great work they have done for this great nation the sacrifices that they have rendered
the kind of hard work they have put to uplift this nation fine a lot of respect for all of them
so i will not name any of them okay so don't mind
fine some of you i know you will provoke me to talk about few people
but i have seen students like you fine that is the reason in the beginning itself i thought of putting a disclaimer
and then and then in the upcoming slides that declare i mean disclaimer will come where i'll be declaring
that any sort of coincidence or any reference is merely coincidental
any reference to any person living or dead
is merely coincidental i don't mean it be it
our honorable prime minister honorable home minister didi
behenji mula mg crazy walji
and only pm from karnataka
fine a lot of people whom i like respect adore
very much for the invaluable contributions to the country and forgot your favorite leader
whose iq is greater than all of you
once upon a time is greater than even albert einstein
fine your favorite leader fine we'll discuss about all of them their role and their contribution to
indian society we'll discuss all of it but as of now let's stick to the lecture
okay fine
okay so i hope you understood these three i mean p3 plus p2
you understood it or not i am seeking clarity from you
just because there is no audience
foreign
fine fine please write down right on the expansion
right on whatever that is on the board prayer petition protest with the intention of politically educating the
masses and to have political connections with the ruling class that is the british mps and
administrators in order to help us get the reforms
increase the font size board is very small p3 is about philosophy and p2 is about
intents of the philosophy okay
i hope you understood what is prayer prediction and protest
p3 is the philosophy and p2 is the intent of this
philosophy
2 star signifies the importance
till what did modern indian history classes will be taken till you people stop liking me
i know its boring today but tomorrow
expect unexpected fine will be back to form don't worry
hope you are done writing this so tell me the reason for following this philosophy
tell me the reason for following this philosophy
one this was where our class was supposed to
start but unfortunately it is where our class is supposed to i mean it is going to end
today we are lagging behind very much we need to accelerate the speed
buckle of people so please write down the reasons for adopting the
reasons for adopting the moderate path
or moderate philosophy
to uphold non-violence afraid to disobey british it was in its initial phase
face very good middle path ok some buddhist is here
ok to build up democratic provisions ok
fine so please write on
what were the reasons for adopting the moderate path or the moderate philosophy write down one line below that
since since it was
since it was the early days of national movement
early days of national movement
the concept of nationalism the concept of nationalism
the concept of nationalism was new to the indian masses
was new to the indian masses the concept of nationalism was new to the
indian masses
and therefore moderates thought therefore the moderates thought
it is their moral responsibility it is their moral responsibility
to learn it learn it and
preach it to learn it and preach it
to learn it and preach it write down in brackets
it was like it was like
moderates were it was like moderates were
learning and preaching the abcd of the national movement
it was like moderates learning and preaching
the a b c d of the national movement
it was like moderates learning and preaching the abcd of the national moment
close the bracket it's the first
i told only few lines since it was the early day of the national movement the concept of
nationalism was new to the indian masses fine indians did not know what was
nationalism fine the feeling was within us but how to fight
for what sake we should agitate all these things were unclear to the masses fine
national movement was very new to india okay it is our early stage of the national
movement it is the early stage of the national movement that is the reason they thought since it was the early days of the national
movement the concept of nationalism was new to the indian masses therefore moderates thought it is their moral
responsibility to learn and preach the concept of nationalism to learn and preach the concept of
nationalism in bracket how to remember it the reasons for the moderate path or moderate philosophy a
simple code word as i told you even in the video i had mentioned about
it abcd of the national movement what do you think is the abcd of the national movement
preach it preach means telling others
abcd why they were following the philosophy of
prayer petition and protest what is the reason for their philosophy
i have given you four clues the starting letter of every point
a b c d ahimsa
basic ok thank god you did not tell a for apple
see i have some limitations i cannot derive my energy from the class
today please bear with the lecture d for democracy no
a for agitation as i told you mildest form of constitutional protest agitation means public hesitation just
like it is happening in the punjab arena borders now that was not the name in the philosophy itself are clarified
see for civilities for demand c for common platform common platform i told you
intent of establishing the congress itself better not to repeat the points
i am talking in specific with respect to
why did they adopt p3 prayer petition and protest the first thing is
these methods are
acceptable to all these methods are acceptable to all
let us imagine let us imagine
you are following a revolutionary approach you are following a revolutionary approach
and you want all of indians to hold a gun shoot at the britishers
have a grenade and harlot the britishers can all of us come forward to do that
no many of us do not like violence fine and
it is not acceptable to all the revolutionary methods they are not acceptable to all
fine but prayer petition and protest it is totally peaceful non-violent it is
acceptable to all everybody can do it fine people belonging to all religion
can follow it people belong to all classes can follow it
fine these methods are acceptable to all second one
second one why they are following p3 i told it while explaining the
prayer because they believed in the britishers fine they believed in the britishers
still many of the early nationalists they hoped that the britishers will
get the reforms done in india and will develop the india in par with england australia or canada
many of the early nationalists still believed in the britishers and they expected the british to develop india
on lines of these three colonies okay they expected development
in india through britishers fine and
they adopted
the national movement was still in the early stages they were just like
children in front of the mighty british empire fine national movement was still in its early
stages they were still like a children in front of a mighty british empire how many people attended the first
station of inc just 72 delegates just 72 delegates do you think these 72
delegates can challenge empire that is ruling 36 countries highly impossible
if they try to act smart against the britishers they will crush you the national movement will end the
moment it started fine that is the reason see
whenever you plant some seeds what will you do you will put a fence around it
you will water it till it grows to certain extent you will protect it
and once it grows it can protect itself imagine it is a tree so this was the
early stage the duty of the national early nationalist was to protect that particular seed till it grows as a tree
you have to protect it you have to fence it you have to water it later when the roots grow deeper it can
nourish on its own earlier you have to put everything you have to provide the fertilizer you have to provide the water everything should be done by you but
once the trees grows bigger the route will grow deeper and it can
nourish itself so since it was the early stage they did not want the national movement to end there
they wanted to protect the national movement by making the britishers believe that they
are loyal to them okay they are just children or infants in
front of the mighty british empire that is the reason they adopted the constitutional methods of protest
fine they are just a children in front of the mighty british empire and then
they are certain demands they are certain demands
what were those demands we will discuss in the next part but as of now please write write down these points
see the revolutions in the west the revolutions in the west it did not
happen all of a sudden so if you want to look at the french revolution you have to read it from the
times of louis xiv louis 15 louis 16.
fine revolution did not happen all of a sudden all of a sudden overnight people
people did not get disgruntled with the rule and rose interval i mean rose in protest
it took its time it took its time to take the form of revolution if you want to read about
french revolution you have to read the history of at least 80 years you have to know about the social structure of the
france fine the french society was dominated by the aristocrats and clergies
they had no responsibilities but they enjoyed all the amenities whereas it was the common man who was
bearing all the responsibilities like paying taxes by acting as a soldier but
he had no privileges social structure of the france was like this the clergys are the priestly class and
the aristocrats they had all the privileges they enjoyed everything but had no responsibility of
the state they need not pay any taxes but they enjoyed all the privileges but common man he had to bear every responsibility of
the state but he had no privileges he was suppressed fine it did not happen all of a sudden
it took hundreds of years to take the form of a revolution in india
in india how many years did it take now we are rising all of a sudden how can you expect it to
be from assume that they assume or take the form of revolution it is just starting
and you are starting against an empire which is ruling all over the world one of the strongest power in the world
fine i mean think in a proper way think practically
fine 72 people do you think they can
revolt against a mighty british empire and they can succeed do you think it is 300 movie
it cannot track i mean it cannot be practically possible as i gave you the example of a sapling
fine from a seed to tree you have to protect it in all these countries also if you study its history
you notice these facts even the american revolution it did not happen all of a sudden fine
there are a lot of events
ok please write on the first point acceptable to all
acceptable to all write down in this form only draw a square or a rectangle and write down or else you can draw like this
first acceptable to all believe in british you can write like this
acceptable to all since these methods are these philosophies
these philosophies are peaceful and non-violent in nature
are peaceful and non-violent in nature
majority of the masses
majority of the masses irrespective of their
religion or class irrespective of their
religion or class can take part
can take part in the national movement can take part in the national movement
second point belief in british
in bracket right constitution belief in british in bracket right
constitution some early nationalists
some early nationalist
was of the opinion that was of the opinion that
given a chance was of the opinion that kama given a chance
britishers would given a chance britishers would
develop india on the lines of
on the lines of other colonies
other colonies like canada and australia
canada and australia and therefore
and therefore aspired aspi red aspired
to act as a bridge aspired to act as a bridge
between british and the masses as per to act as a bridge between
british and the masses and practiced
and practiced loyalty towards the
empire and practiced loyalty towards the empire
fine third point child or infant
child or infant in front of the mighty british empire child or infant in
front of the mighty british empire
child or infant in front of the mighty british empire and therefore
adopting adopting the constitutional methods
the constitutional methods
was very much necessary adopting the constitutional methods was very much necessary
to not anger to not anger
the british authorities
to not anger the british authorities
and since the national movement
and since the national movement is in its is in its
an ascent or early stage in ascent or early stage
in ascent or early stage any use of power
any use of power
or suppression or suppression
might lead to might lead to mi gst
prolonged phase of inactivity might lead to prolonged phase of
inactivity
might lead to prolonged phase of
inactivity
fine next point demands
demands
see these are the things that demonstrate the faith of the
early nationalists in the british empire
during the inc session he told the audience to pray for the well-being and long health of the
british queen and at the same time indians were no backward there was a
president of inc called as anan mohan bose was also the founder of the indian association along with
surendranath banerjee so this guy told the britishers that
educated indians are the friends and not the enemies of the britishers
this was an attempt to gain the trust of the authority okay
so there was one more session there was one more session
where all of the indians all of the attendees of the inc session
they were made to stand up and they were made they were asked to cheer for the queen of england
fine and we will discuss about the demands
write down the following phrase below the demand in a bracket or in the margin they demanded
they demanded
they demanded rule of law in the country rule of law in the
country i am explaining demands please be patient
they demanded rule of law in the country and
what is rule of law what were their demands i'll explain it in the tomorrow's class
and please tell me again do you find something
useful in the slides slides are just empty
ah they are not self sufficient without the help of the classes will not
be able to make use of the slides they are just empty figures that's all
ok so thank you very much
questions ok demands
national movement is in its earlier than s n stages nascent or the early stages
any use of power or suppression might lead to prolonged phase
this is face not facee phase of
inactivity ok
you can understand why you told about the unification of germany yes this was the intent it requires time
to make a revolution revolution cannot happen all of a sudden
there needs to be ground of preparation for revolution to follow okay we were preparing for a
major leap forward it takes some time like the national movement has just begun you
cannot expect a revolution all of a sudden it will take its time
so from tomorrow class will be online or offline even i don't know please
wait for the message that will be conveyed in your group
thank you very much
prelims questions have given the solutions also they are merely factual
fine i'll discuss few questions tomorrow fine i'll also discuss the answer for the first and the second question once i
complete the next topic before going to the extremist i'll discuss all the questions okay please remind that to me
in the tomorrow's class so that i can discuss that is only after i complete the moderate topic completely
because there is a question on moderates also fine second class the question was on maine's question was on moderates that
was the mains question that was asked in upc 2017 so i will discuss both of them after i complete
the moderates topic ok so thanks again see you
Comments
Post a Comment