Class 9: Polity: Fundamental Rights Offline & Online Guidance Program

THE AIMERS

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS AND VOTING POWERS

 Shall we start 16 then foreign

article 16 equality of opportunity in public employment

fine yeah so let's write down the points and then we'll start discussion 16 clause 1.

16 Cross one

16 class 1 States shall Ensure

16 Clause 1 State shall ensure equality of opportunity in public employment

or no individuals shall be no Indian citizen shall be denied also you can write

State shall ensure equality of opportunity

in public employment

equality of opportunity in public employment that is Clause one

Clause 2 no citizen shall be remembered obviously 15 16 19 29 30 only for Citizens no

citizen shall be denied or no citizen shall be uh you can say no

citizen shall be denied opportunity in public employment

no citizen shall be denied equality in public employment or equality of opportunity in public

employment equality of opportunity in public

employment on the grounds only of

denied the equality of opportunity in public employment on the grounds only of same just write

that religion race cast sex no citizen shall be denied equality of

opportunity in public employment on the grounds only of religion race

caste sex place of birth

religion race caste sex and place of birth these are broader ones fine of

course it's not so easy below that 16 class three these are all kind of exceptions

16 class 3. Parliament can make a long

16 Clause 3 Parliament can make a lot

of parliament this only Parliament not State Legislature can make a law and mention or and provide

Parliament can make alone provide residence as a criteria

can make a law and provide residence as a criteria

for public employment residents so Parliament and residence is

the keywords Parliament can pass along and provide residence as a criteria for public

employment when for example I mean under that what they have passed

for instance for example Parliament has passed Parliament has passed public employment

Parliament has passed public employment

public employment in bracket you write requirement as to residents

Parliament has passed public employment requirement as to Residence act

1957. so underlying the ACT public employment requirement as to

Residence Act 1957.

public employment requirement as to Residence act 1957 then 16 class 4

this is the reservation provision 16 clause 4. Tate can provide

State can provide reservation for

State can provide reservation for those sections of society

State can provide reservations for those sections of society

or for backward sections of any word I mean this not the exact copy paste words overall paraphrasing

State can provide reservation for those sections of society which are not or who are not adequately

represented in the public employment or government services who are not adequately represented

who are not adequately represented in the government services public

employment not adequately represented in the government services

public employment anyway the base government jobs this is the best for reservation 16

class four then we'll discuss that let's write the Border points 16 class 5.

16 class 5. State can provide that

State can provide that State can provide that

the positions in State can provide the depositions in

religious denominations means take it as temples madrasas churches

that the positions in the religious denominations or its governing board

religious denominations or its governing board can belong to particular sections

positions in the religious denominations and its or or its governing board can

belong to can belong to a particular sections a

particular section of society can belong to particular sections

and we'll discuss that this is 16 class 5 16 class 6 the recent one

so obviously what is it yeah State can reserve up to 10 percent

of the jobs

State can reserve up to 10 percent of the jobs

for obviously who for ews State can reserve

a state shall also can a state shall Reserve up to 10 percent of the jobs for ews

and of course these are all public employment only no doubt about it fine again if you want if you want to again

add it because by no will be knowing added by which one which amendment

third added by 103rd Constitutional Amendment 2019 upheld by Jan hit avian

case added by 103rd Constitutional Amendment 2019

upheld by Supreme Court in general case

yesterday also we have discussed that

upheld by Supreme Court in general case 2022

fine yeah so these are broadly the provisions so hence obviously what is the core of article 16 then

it is about basically ensuring not exactly reservation it can say equality of opportunity in the public employment

one of the provision is for reservation fine the first provision first first clause and second class what does it

broadly say you should the state shall not discriminate on the grounds of religion or race or caste or sex or

place of birth you should provide opportunities for all because you might have seen during the king times and all those things or when British was there

remember when Lord Conwell has divided Services into two actually Lord Cornwall is

when he conceptualize the civil services he had divided into two these are all just for you to understand broadly how

discriminations may happen called as

so this is how Lord Cornwall is subdivided it in covenanted services and

non-conented services which is known coordinated services and non-convenient services covented means Superior

it was only for Europeans so the whatever your the exams that you

are trying for now all India Services Central Services they're all worth covenanted this is inferior means Group

C Group D state level Services those ones obviously this was for whom

Indians no he says this is not obviously kind of of course then after 1853 act they allowed it for they made it upon

comparison what's up different but when Lord Cornwell is conceptualized it this was how it is this kind of a

classification is not allowed you have to open it for all equality of opportunity in public employment that is

the core idea of ensuring that fine no discrimination on any grounds but of course it's not so easy because you're

talking about government jobs and for a long time even today obviously it's a huge huge political issue

hence remember a lot of stress even yesterday I told you like I mean forget about the

private sector that is completely different I've already told you for example in the say that haryana government wants to reserve 70 or 75 for

locals or mother Pradesh wants to do it or Andhra Pradesh wants to do it or Karnataka wants to do it Constitution

and as well as Supreme Court as of now they have not endorsed or they have not supported reservation in private sector

you can't impose it if they want to they can do it this left to them voluntary but no preservations in private sector

for anybody that concept is kept out you forget about that fine sir but my government is telling like this that

doesn't matter at all they do it for political electoral reasons till now legally it is not allowed clear so

reservation in private sector keep it aside you're talking about which one reservations or whatever it is issues in

the public employment now look at 16 class three one of the times what they tell is for example they'll tell that

only locals even in government jobs and telling only locals will be allowed for example that's why what they do if you

look at 16 class three they tell Parliament shall pass and provide residence as a criteria residence means

what that you should be a local kind of a one certain but my state legislature passed it you might see that for example

in stateless also they do it how they do it because the Constitution doesn't allow them they do use indirect way

I have told you multiple times what they tell that in your 10th the local level let's say for example if you are playing

in just what uh for straight government jobs in Maharashtra they'll tell in your 10th certificate Marathi should be one

of the language if you have studied in let's say Tamil Nadu how will Marathi be one of your language

let's say you have studied in what is Marathi be one of your language that is one of the way there are

different ways on what they'll do if you want to apply for state government just what will they tell you pass Marathi

exam then Hobby Lobby exam obviously it's not so easy so those are

all different indirect ways of ensuring that locals get into the state government jobs these all these things

also have come to Supreme Court most of I think Supreme Court a lot of times have declared it unconstitutional also

some two three years back in uttar Pradesh they had done that I think some 30 or 40 percent should only jobs should

only be given for uttar Pradesh local women's something like that they had told that also Supreme Court said

nothing doing remove it means we all know that because they are under all they are also under huge

pressure to favor locals in the state got jobs they say what they do they do indirect ways constitutionally only

Parliament can make the law and make residence as the criteria for jobs

clear so that is 16 class 3. got it yeah then 16 class I mean 16 classes just

clarifying margin wherever you have written 16 class 3 somewhere you can add that first point what is the clarification

did you get that Constitution does not support reservation in private sector

first point you clarify that article 16 also you can tell Constitution does not support

or does not talk about you can say Constitution does not talk about does not mention

reservations in the private sector

does not support reservations in the private sector

fine even Supreme Court has not supported it even Supreme Court has not supported it

even the Supreme Court has not supported it

clear that is one then two another one is clarify only

only parliaments can mention residence as a factor as a ground for reservation

only Parliament can provide residence

as Factor ground for reservation

this is 16 cluster explanations only Parliament can provide residence as

a ground for reservation fine then how do the states do it states

use indirect methods because they are not allowed to do it directly

State use indirect methods State use indirect methods like what

like language based examinations

State use indirect methods like language based examination

find language as one of the subject in 10th or 12th

State use indirect ways indirect methods like language

based qualifying exams Hardware critical um language as one of the subject in 10th

12th fine sir education certificates to be

issued by the state what do you call as this what you call education boards

matriculation boards like that education certificates to be issued by

state boards

Etc so these are all different ways so constitutionally what is it

legally they are not allowed to do this clarify that always keep it in mind because Constitution Day sir is it good

or bad that's a different issue constitutionally state governments are not allowed to do this

according to the Constitution State Legislature or state governments do not have such power

so that's why a lot of cases are pending in the courts constitutionally state governments are

not allowed to do this clear that is one angle private sector one and how they use the residence one

and what you have mentioned the parliament requirement as to Residence whatever written clarify that as of now

it is applicable only for Andhra Pradesh Telangana under 371 D and E

where you have written Parliament act 1957 Parliament requirement as to sorry public employment requirement as to

Residence act for that you clarify as of now it is applicable earlier it was theirs in few parts of Northeast also as

of now applicable only in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh 371 d e remember the

asymmetric federalism as of now it is only applicable

Pradesh under 371 capital D capital E don't

write it D is in 371 D separate 371 e separate

under 371 capital D 371 capital e

special status clear so this is 16 Clause 3 clarification now what is 16 class 4 say

look at it they have not explicitly mentioned OBC a CST minority nothing they have mentioned what is the point

you can provide reservation for those sections of society who are not adequately represented in

the government jobs fine so sir what do you mean by adequately represented sir percentage there is nothing like that

but that is the base for reservation obviously lot of state governments are

earlier itself provided it then this if you can recoil at the national level that means in the sense government of

India jobs till just to give you an idea you can if you

want to if you take using 16 plus 4 what state

governments had done was because remember that the 16th class fourth race says state that is not necessarily

government of India also who also comes legislature executive of who State also will come into picture so state

governments most of the state governments had already provided reservations for OBC SC EST in a lot of

States even for women also all those things had already done fine this is but which level state

government level but government of India level that is upsc kind of a jobs whatever you call it as our SSC kind of

a jobs for a long time reservation was only for whom SC and St it is only for those two

sections clear we are not talking about Lok Sabha assembly watch although that is different 330 332 that is low

legislature government jobs I am telling it is only for SC and St later what happened there was a commission called

as BP bundle or take it as mundle commission which is

officially called as second backward classes Commission because the first car backward classes commission was headed

back that is in 50 1960 this is second backward classes commission headed by BP

mandal now this was appointed in 1977 by janatha party they gave the report all

those things they can because the government was not in power janta party then Indira Gandhi came back to Power

the report was it was sidelined later when VP Singh became prime minister in 1989 he said we will Implement mandal

commission report and VP Singh government announced that we will accept it and we will provide 27

percent reservations for OBC at which level again

government of India level States leave it to them they have already done it that's a different issue and it keeps varying it also that's a one fine

government of like how the ews happened this one when this got question because now even

this was obviously the base is all daily so protests had happened in such a way in 1990 1991 remember because pre-1991

government jobs was the only major source of job because India was not a social that is

it was not what Market oriented economy socialist economy that means major jobs where do you get psus

or you have to go to upsc that kind of a job itself where do you apply for jobs

then you don't have private companies where should the youth go there were all there were a lot of

protests even wherein like in front of DNA Janu du and whatever you have so

many things there are even self-immolation protests had happened self-immolation means you understand right put petrols or kerosins on

yourself that kind of protection had happened now it's a different issue because 30 years has already passed ews

because a lot of private sector has expanded hence it became a huge controversial

issue hence what happened PB narasimhara who became PM later he added a provision

and said okay fine we will also give 10 reservation for the top costs under a

profession called as what ews so what you have brought ews now it's not a new provision PV narsimara government in

1991 itself had told because the upper class had protested as I said now self-immolation to convince them they

said we'll give you 10 reservation also don't worry this is for whom non-obc non whatever you have no exactly copy paste

that one was this everything got summed up into the landmark case called as

Indra Sani case in 1992 fine so 1989 VP Singh 1981 narasimhara

all combinedly went here and it is famously called as mandal case OBC case so many things they call it as

but official Indra Sunny versus Union of India and what all these Supreme Courts say first point it upheld the

reservation for obcs in government jobs 27 percent upheld two they said ews

reservation is not allowed because reservation is only for socially educationally backward class it is not

for economical sections cancel three they told whatever it is

total reservation should not cross what that you know fifty percent it should not cross extra except in extraordinary

circumstances but what is that extraordinary circumstance that we don't know that depends on Case by case basis

then no reservation in promotion reservation only where entry level

appointment level not in promotion then creamy layer identify within the OBC

creamy layers creamy layer means basically word those who are well enough take them out of reservations others

non-criminier only should get OBC reservation then they said for all this purpose appoint a statutory body so that they

can include the currents to explore the cash all those things because you have to keep on identifying hence National

commission for backward success was made a statutory body under ncbc act 1993

because judgment came in 1992 so 1993 ramanandan committee was

appointed to identify the creamy layers like this many were there those are all too much of details basically this

happened got it what is the first point obvious reservation of 27 percent upheld

sir why only 27 percent actually they made it 50 according to mandal commission overall if you take it in

India obc's are minimum around 55 to 60 percent fine because OBC itself is 60 of India's

population SC is around 15 16 St is around seven to eight percent minorities

are around whatever you combine it it will be around fifteen percent and the top cost is two or three percent

now look at it that's why this how for OBC 50 60 people you are giving 27 reservation

for two percent people how much are you giving ten percent reservation

those are all the criticisms for minorities you have 15 percent there is no reservation

so how are you they say disproportionate one it was the criticism one that's why they removed it saying nothing doing and

flesh if you don't know the idea of reservation even this was exact statements of ambedkar itself even Supreme Court has told it the idea or

the purpose of reservation is not poverty eradication just because you

make like let's say 10 SC candidates or 20 SC candidates IAS this year you will not eliminate the poverty of what

sixteen percent means how many crores they say are there population is there by making 20 IIs

every year will you remove the property of 20 crore it is not for that the idea of

reservation what they have told is to provide representation for the backward sections in the public employment

representation means what so that if you look at government officers there should be people who belong to top cost also

OBC also SC also St also women also minority also it should reflect their

concern and the overall idea is that is the core Administration the overall assumption is because if you come I mean

let's say you have come from particular caste the idea is that you know the struggles of the caste you know what

kind of discrimination they face when when you are put in public employment you will try to at least the Assumption

sir has it worked or not that's different criticism that's the criticism part that you will work for their

welfare is the Assumption because you know that problem very simple logic let's say a female knows the I mean a

man can empathize what might be the problem of females but female because we

have sheep going through that problem she will understand what are the real problems of women

now if you give her the position she will tackle those aspects better is the Assumption which is also more or less

true also we are not saying no same assumption is for SC reservation also St reservation also they have gone through

it they know the problems better if a higher cost is to understand the problem of St you may try to understand

but you may not really understand it reason because you have not gone through it that's the reason they have done all

these things we assume in general that it is for poverty eradication absolutely it is not for it this is ambedkar As

Told in assembly this is supreme court has said in so many cases even the ews reservation is also Supreme Court said

the same fine so it's absolutely the same logic very clear so this Indra Sunny case

happened but then it did not stop there then what they try to say this Parliament amended the Constitution and

added article 16 cap for Capital a I mean class whatever it is class four for

that and they said we will also provide reservation in Word

promotion but this will be only for not for OBC

only for SC and St which is word which is going against Indra Sunny case what is because what

did in the Sani Castel reservation only in entry this is what promotion

and it went back to Supreme Court which famously they called as second Indra Sani case and all those things Supreme Court said nothing doing

cancel again Parliament went against it and they said no no we are going to give it

and then they added a provision called as consequential seniority also

consequential seniority this is for you to understand the concept

sir what do you mean by consequential seniority look at the word you will become senior as a result of consequence

let us say for example let's take two candidates A and B fine a belongs to General Merit B

belongs to a c category or St category let's say but GM has let's say 10 years experience

let's say SC has five years experience

Financial St has five years experience now what will happen let us assume there

is a position vacant here fine I mean one level let's say this is

sp this is let's say dig whatever your deputy director joint director whatever

restaurant commissioner income tax Deputy commission income tax like that above one vacancy is there now if you

are giving reservation in promotion let's say it is reserved for SC or St anything if it is reserved for SC now with even

though if there is a what you call as compression between these two because it is result who will come here

B will come here but who is more if you look at the year of years of experience

yeah but it doesn't matter clear let's say for example three years later he also came here because maybe in

like three years later GM questions also might be there he came there so that means a is also here B is also here but

who came first here now let's say there is another we can say another 10 years later in the book who came to this

question first b b came to the position first now what

you have to take is you have to take the seniority as a result of the consequence of reservation means you should not take

the overall experience of the of e and B here you should take okay you're going from let's say to a IG from dag position

joint commissioner from Deputy Commissioner position you should not take to overall experience at the level

of Deputy Commissioner who has more experience B Because who came first B came first

but this is a GM set we are not making reservation promotion here the above one it is still open but

who is who has worked more in the one level below b b comes here

this is called as consequential seniority that means a person belonging

to scrst category will become senior as a result of that means result in a sense

as a consequence of reservation in promotion there is a reverse of this rule that is

called as catch-up rule look at the name itself ketchup means but who will catch up here

a will catch up in the catch-up rule what they said is no no don't take this take what

take oral experience in overall experience let's say this is open for GM in total total your career experience

who is who has more career experience yeah yeah should come first but if you follow each rule

catch up Rule and Supreme Court in the recent judgment called as general journal Singh versus Lakshmi Gupta case

has said not this this

this is Janel Singh versus Lakshmi Gupta case 2018 or probably 2019. supreme

court judgment hence there is reservation in promotion for SC industry plus whatever place is

consequential seniority not the catch-up rule ketchup rule is gone

so these are various things then there's another one which is called as

carry forward rule

this applies for actually all the ones but more specifically essentially carry forward rule what do you mean by carry

forward let's say there are 100 vacancies well as we have already told uh SC will

get let's say around 16 St will get let's say eight obesity will get but this all concept applies only for SC and

St categories so just for arithmetic I'm telling taking 100 let's say out of 4 8

16 they found out only 12 candidates because minimum level of criteria they

would have put only 12 candidates they found out that means how many are left out four vacancies are left they found out

six that means two they could not fail for whatsoever reason candidate itself was not there they could not clear

whatever issues so four and two are weakened now can you shift to there are still OBC seats they're still GM seeds

can you shift to them and fill that means in this way you can say can you fill a gym there you can't fill a

gym there can you feel obviously there you can you can't fill SC also here you can feel St also here that is only for a

c this is only forestry that is only for OBC you can't feel from others but you can feel GM from others

that is how Jim operates that's the reason getting in GM is because for in GM is open for All Resort seats only for

only for reserved category getting so you'll understand that broadly later okay basic point I think

you've got an idea it cannot be filled by others it should stay there that year sir not that year also

next year let's say next year another 100 vacancies are there fine let's assume 16 are there this how

many are there again last year plus four so total you will get 20 seeds

let's say six again plus two this year you will have eight seats 20 seats for

St 8 seats for St now again what is the calculation now let's say if you add these numbers what it might cross

foreign you should not cross fifty percent you should not count this number you should count

this number that means to determine fifty percent category 50 reservation number do not

count the vacancies which has been carried forward leave that out because this is not that is not this year said

it was where whichever said previously leave that out that's already reserved this year or the next year it's

it's finally for that category only you leave them out you should carry you should calculate the 50 percent only

using the newly called for vacancies do not assume or do not count the previous

year vacancies that's not allowed that is look at the website you'll keep on carrying you can't fill

by others to in calculating 50 percent do not count the carried forward seats

those are all old ones only use which one new ones

getting an idea so this is also another one which has also been upheld by Supreme Court carry forward rule

there is no years mentioned in the Constitution that's what did we mention the year there so it's left to the governments to

decide how long that's left to the governments to decide basically search for but for the OPC category there is a

application of the carry forward rule along with the 50 cap rate yes yes for OBC also it applies but more

specifically it is for because the provisions more specifically give priority for essay industry yes for OBC

also it applies any result any result no no no

take note 50 any reserved category if you forward I don't think it applies

carry forward rule is for all but idea is mostly about SC industry because in state level it varies because

those two are the most weaker sections in the society because the historical factors but you apply for any result

sheet right these are all broader understanding nobody will ask you all these things but you should understand the provision this is carry forward rule

but Supreme Court said you can't do it so easily that's why they were given a judgment called as

this is for reservation in promotion

fine first one is

if you want to give reservation promotion for anybody Community should be

so this one should be the first if you want to provide reservation in promotion the community that particular whatever cast

you call it as should be inadequately represented in the top level position top level means what secretaries joint

secretaries additional secretary is that one two you should have adequate data let me show the data only then it is

allowed you should give so and so percentages and everything and three don't compromise Merit

this one conversation also says in article 335 that any reservation for SC

or St or anybody that's that talks about 335 should not compromise the Merit and

efficiency of the administration so don't compromise the

Merit and efficiency of

Administration right these are told by Supreme Court in

m nagaraja's case if you want to provide reservation promotion fine but in journals in case Supreme

Court has said there is no need of this you just go ahead you don't have to show the data you

don't have to also have to show this just keep going ahead this is General sync case the recent one

just now I tell you to remember Lakshmi guptan that's the point then another one comes which is called

as vertical and horizontal reservation which is recently in use because of so many issues vertical means what let's say for

example if you're giving reservation for OBC EST ews this is called as vertical

reservation and when you are calculating 50 percent you have to calculate only this

but there are horizontal reservations also let us say for example within OBC women

within OBC rural within OBC let's say for example physically challenged within

OBC you may use some other things let's say for example Armed Forces

those are all horizontal horizontal means what within every reserved category you will have it within essay

also you'll have for women rural whatever this is there's everything you had that is horizontal because it is

given like that it is written like that this is vertical means it is based on your caste that is based on other

factors see women is not based on your caste rural not based on your caste physically challenged not based on your

caste Armed Forces not based on your caste fail in every category because you

understand right here also there this is not there as of now but state

level they provide it for example in Karnataka within OBC there is one a sub categorization two a

two B three B like that that is called as that is another one which is the recent one at least got an area what is

vertical what is horizontal if you give reservation based on caste it is vertical reservation if you give it

based on other criteria which applies in every category it is called as horizontal reservation x axis y axis

once again one second there's another one which is called as a recent one government of India has set up a

committee for what is it because remember

as of now with the government of India jobs you don't sub categorize OBC OBC means as a whole OBC

as overall but there's a recent commission called as Justice

rohini commission which has not yet given its final Order final report but the commission has already identified

that within the obc's almost around 30 or 35 percent of the cars have got no

reservation at all reason because within OBC there is a class within class means within

obviously there are a lot of cars which are very powerful powerful in the sense they are already well off and the people or the aspirins who belong to that OBC

will keep getting through the service other obvious is they don't get because they are not that level hence what they

are telling subcategorize subcategories means what what will happen then in the future what you have the 27 reservation

for OBC so it will become like let's say for example if they divide into

forward OBC backward OBC leased backward will be selected they'll subdivide let's

say they divide it into a b c d some X some some hundred thousand cars

will put it under a category B category C category D category so you will get maybe eight percent maybe six percent

maybe six percent maybe the rest exp whatever percent

now if you belong to B category of OBC you are only eligible for how many reservations six percent as of now you

have access to all the 27 seats plus GM if you go into a sub categorization you

will only have access to this six percent you and plus GM

so 27 will not apply for you um

sub categorization anything can happen but even if you look at across the country as of till now I'm

not sure about each and every cast there is no subcategorization within SC some states in the South are trying for

subcategorization within the series of categories there are some message which are which again forward submissive which

are again backward but it's not so easy and if you don't know as of no there is no creamy layer within the same industry

also creamy layer Concepts only applies for whom OBC

so a lot of issues are still pending there is also a demand to give reservation in private sector

reason government jobs are obviously has reduced a lot because today's era called

a small state era so go and now look at it if they go for lateral entry

come down then and every year every month according to the reports every

month I am telling 10 lakh new people are entering the labor force not the

world ones live out you are already worried now into the labor market every month the people who follow you 10 lakh

means one year you have 1.2 to 1.5 crore new people entering labor force

where do you find jobs for them and we have entered there of Industrial

Revolution 4 where so many jobs are worth search if it is on automated

government is not ready to increase the jumps in private sector automation

then where do you have jobs self-employment Indian mindset doesn't agree self my self-employment because

job security all these issues are affecting a lot and

we are not worried about it because so many other issues are still pending so we'll have to see how it goes

this is a very very huge issue on employment now you ask the doors

correct that is what is M nagaraj case yes not exactly consensus for example in

the government of India jobs let us say security level position how many are there how many belongs to what categories

that was British era 1931. why because it is a very political issue and

if you identify that you will get to know which caste is more which caste is less which caste is better forward

backward then reservations have to be and redone undone so many issues are there

that's the reason and if you get to know that this cost has more population because we are all using the numbers of

that error let's say if you get to know that actually this classical number has increased then they'll demand more reservation

so it's not a cost is a you know that was very famously said cost is in the subconscious of Indians

it's like it's like in your in our blood

so these are all huge issues which is related to article 16 reservation private sector OBC subcategorization

Indra Sunny case recent janitabian case which I have already explained yesterday and sub categorization of obc's scst

creamy layers reservation and promotion carry forward rule all these things is a bigger picture

yes yes it is also based on your cast what

else it is based on first it is based on cast Then within that economic keysw is for whom GM

non-obc non-sc non-st simple words top cast it is only for top car under that

you should be economically poor it is basically the same only

that doesn't mean it is for all the economically backwards or amp doesn't matter you should belong to non-obc non

SC non-st is not alone

right so don't that all Logics will not apply here

that final report is not a come that they'll do it whatever so many Logics are there they'll do it

for example in Karnataka they do it as one a one B two B like that they do it

they'll start with the least forward OBC is one year

a relatively better is 2A relatively better is 2b relatively bitter is 2C

relatively better is 3A within OBC the top is 3v means within obviously because they're

not not all overseas are same like you take jats it may be even OBC or in in haryana it's a GM itself let's say new P

but the Dutch means what you know in there are very powerful socially politically powerful Community you can't put them under least obviously category

you should put them under top OBC category so like that yeah so so many are there you know the in every state it

varies patidars may be OBC but it doesn't fall on as low top obviously there

they are not least obviously they're top OBC so like that every state has so many

things you know that how many cars how many sub cars and all those things of subconscious so it's a huge categorization

Administration in a sense efficiency and all those things it's a very subjective question it's not

so easy to judge and supreme court has said you have to go forward means you have to go forward there are there are

in fact there are criticisms the reservation itself will affect but uh it's a completely different perspective

because social welfare affirmative action idea

fine yeah a very very broad concept this is yeah please note down all these things

what did you write

let's write this you mentioned few points

in the government of India jobs

in the government of India jobs

in the government of India jobs earlier it was only reserved for

earlier it was only reserved for SC and St

earlier reservations were only for SC and St or earlier to citizer only for SC and St

so then what happened janatha party appointed

janta party means take it as 1977-1980. janatha party appointed

second backward classes Commission

second backward classes commission headed by mandal BP mandal he was from

Bihar second backward classes commission headed by mandal

it recommended 27 percent reservation for OBC

this is jobs it recommended 27 percent reservation

for OBC in government jobs

it recommended 27 percent reservation for OBC in the government jobs

right but when was it implemented the report was implemented by VP Singh

1989 10 years later the report was implemented by VP Singh

government vishwanath Pratap Singh report was implemented by VP Singh

online this is for you to understand the chronology that said or else a lot of people have will have the confusion when

what happened implemented by the VP Singh government fine PV narsimhara government gave 10

percent reservation for ews also gave

PV narsimhara of government gave 10 percent reservation for ews because

there were a lot of protests against that against obesity reservation

gave 10 percent reservation for ews also fine now for the heading

The Landmark case for reservation Indian history

case 1992.

Indra Sani case 1992 which is also called as I said reservation case mandal case anything

fine it's a very very important one now tell what does it tell first point OBC reservation 27 percent reservation

for OBC upheld keep running in points under that first one 27 percent OBC reservation upheld

27 percent OBC reservation upheld fine two

reservation for ews not allowed

reservation for ews not allowed

reservation for ews not allowed three total reservation means what OBC is CST

all commonly battling total reservation should not cross

ceiling limit total reservation should not cross how much

fifty percent except in rare extraordinary circumstances

total reservation should not cross 50 percent except in extraordinary circumstance

the next one creamy layer within OBC should be

excluded from reservation foreign

OBC should be excluded from reservation

creamy layer within OBC should be excluded from reservation

should be excluded from reservation when there is one the next one

reservation in promotion not allowed

because that was also given by Spain or similar government reservation in promotion not allowed

reservation in promotion not allowed then

appoint a statutory not at your point you can say establish establish a statutory body

established a statutory body establish a statutory body to implement

OBC reservations implement or identify the cost whatever issues

establish a statutory body to implement OBC reservation

file in bracket you can write Parliament made or Parliament enacted

Parliament enacted or a parliament passed ncbc act in 1993 the next year

itself parliament passed so this is to follow the Supreme Court's

order Parliament passage in CBC means you understand National commission for backward class in CBC act in 1993. so

that time it was what kind of body then statutory later same one continue

the body only they had told recently what is this made yeah recently 102nd Constitutional

Amendment 2018 made it constitutional body four or five years back

102nd Constitutional Amendment 2018.

102nd Constitutional Amendment 2018 made it constitutional body so as of now it

is constitutional in CBC ncsc is also constitutional ncbn CST is also

constitutional five okay that is Indra Sani case now then what happened

foreign

reservation in promotion for SC and St

fine it was upheld by Supreme Court

it was upheld by Supreme Court in yam nagaraj case

it was upheld by Supreme Court in m nagraj case but certain conditions were

prescribed suggested it was upheld by Supreme Court in yam nagaraj case but with certain conditions

failed by Supreme Court in m nagaraj case but copy the condition

but with certain conditions

foreign

yes

and then so many other details are also there but it's all nuts are not necessary for us

broadly if you understand it's fine for quality because this itself for you to remember

you have to put a lot of effort for this

um first one the community should be inadequately represented in the top

level position two you should have government should provide adequate data

three the reservation in promotion should not compromise marital deficiency of administration

16 for a reservation

335 article 335 it says that even the

reservation in SC and St even though you have to provide for it don't compromise the marathon efficiency it is also told

there but these are all too much just broadly you get an idea that's it when there is

case then what happened write this government provided consequential

seniority in reservation in promotion

government provided I can't explain this if whatever I have told you put in your own diagrams because for me to explain

so many things you have to tell broadly understand what you mean by that government provided

[Music] consequential seniority

in reservation in promotion

right so just if you I think you understood but got a broad idea just put the illustration

take it as level one Australian commissioner Deputy Commissioner joint commissioner if the Deputy Commissioner is open for only a seat then even though

he is junior he has to go forward then the the intercommissioner is open for all but if you follow consequences

United you should take the seniority and then just below level position hence if you

compare a and b b will be considered as senior he goes up

nobody will ask you don't worry nobody will ask you about all these things if in case when you study across you should

have an idea fine then write the case I mean if you want you can write that rule also

ketchup rule was in favor of non SC and St consequential seniority is in favor of

SC and St that say the core point consequential seniority favors SC and St

ature none is CST

fine that's the core point you remember that that's fine now you put that case General Singh

versus Lakshmi Gupta case just take General General sync case

Supreme Court upheld consequential seniority

Journal Singh case Supreme Court upheld consequential

seniority

right and you can also sum up this in one line Supreme code has also upheld carry

forward rule

Supreme Court has also upheld carry forward rule in which the unfilled

vacancies will be carried forward to the next year so if you don't fill that year next year

you should just keep on forwarding Supreme Court has a failed carry forward rule in which the unfilled vacancies

unfilled vacancies will be carried forward to the next year carry it forward to the next year and

those seeds should not be used unfailed vacancies will be carried

forward to the next year those seeds should not be used to calculate which one 50 percent

ceiling limit those seeds should not be used to calculate the 50 ceiling limit so that

is broadly the idea of course some small details may vary here and there but they brought forward the idea is

that then recent one

horizontal reservation vertical reservation just a broad idea again vertical reservation means what the

reservation provided based on cost criteria

that is vertical reservation that is obcs CST is all ews also are vertical

horizontal means what within every reserved category other categories they will use

vertical reservation means reservation provided based on cast parameter cast

criteria reservation given based on the cost

criteria like or we see a cstws

and then what is horizontal reservation within every reserved

category means within OBC within this as I said

reservation within every reserved category based on this is what criteria based on

other criteria like it can be for women rural pH

armed forces or you can say X army category data exam forces

but it that is horizontal

now ews everything we have already done and I've already told you that also last year study itself I told as of now ews

10 reservation is applicable only in government of India jobs states it is Left To whom

states to decide they may they may not 16 class 6 or 15 class 6 doesn't enforce

on them case then this ah this one also you know done

this also in use it is not ready to finalize but it's absolutely fine

absolutely sure you'll get it so before all this happens get into service quickly

because here it is it becomes very very small small space you will get then to

to what to get into the list sub categorization of OBC Justice rohini

Commission fine

so these are broadly the ideas then 16 class 5 is a very simple one I have

already explained that

sir what about my note that will anyhow explain completely in your article 29 and 30 don't worry

complete idea I'll get on Horizon with this minorities

got it no this is just a example to understand

this is just an example you understand not the exact category this is not being done then don't link that just say

Rooney commission has said this the for Matrix for you guys to understand again I think they have already given interim

report you go through it you will understand I can't I mean I can't tell you all those facts so many facts are there how many OBC have got the highest

reservation how many have got less reservation so many are there but final report is amazing let's wait for it

fine that is 16. 17 is relatively simple for the heading

because 16 will take a lot of then 19 will take a lot of time then again it will go 25 will take lot

of time then 30 will take a lot of time so it's like few articles are very very important

article 17 obviously what is it abolition of untouchability

abolition of untouchability

fine article 17 abolishes untouchability and

forbids its factories in any form that's it article 17 abolishes untouchability

abolishes untouchability and four bits

for bits its practice

for which its practice in any form so you can't say Sir this way I can follow

that way no form of orbits its practice in all the forms in any form fine clarify again this 17 look at it we

have not mentioned individuals that means it's applicable for whom all material of course it's a core India

based because it is bear learned from the cast based but still clarify that article 17 is applicable against private

individuals 16 is for home state these are all we have clarified

17 is applicable against private individuals

applicable against private individuals but again below you clarify Constitution only mentions the term untouchability

does not define it Constitution only mentions the term

Constitution only mentions the term untouchability but does not define it

mentions the term untouchability but does not define it clear so

so many cases are there in which again inclusive there is a case called as venkata Ramana devaru was a state of Mysore 1950s even in that case Supreme

Court again because they are told the god temples have our own way of you know in allowing the entry and all those

things Supreme Court said nothing doing article 17 completely abolishes it and we know what all various forms are there

all those things again clarified Parliament can pass along

it is not actually can you can write shall also Parliament shall pass a law

and provide punishments for practicing untouchability

Parliament shall pass along provide punishments means imprisonment penalties anything

punishments for practicing untouchability

punishments for practicing untouchability when again look at the term we have only

used the term Parliament that's what he said 35 also vehicle again right Parliament has passed what has

Parliament done for it Parliament has passed untouchability offenses Act

untouchability offenses Act untouchability offenses Act

which was renamed as protection of Civil Rights Act

Parliament has passed untouchability offenses Act which was renamed as

which was renamed as protection of Civil Rights Act

protection of Civil Rights Act that's what I told civil rights social rights means 14 to 18.

protection of Civil Rights Act then below that what is the second act then SC St prevention of atrocities Acts

no I think not prevention I keep getting between so just search that is it prevention or prohibition the official

name is I think it's prohibition just search ones and read exact name

right because somewhere I keep getting confused between those words I think it is prohibition only

act you will get the official name prevention

okay so then write the name as scst prevention of atrocities Act 1989.

SC and St prevention of atrocities Act 1989.

fine if you want this is not a landmark but still you can write in margin you can write or wherever

was a state of Mysore this was 1950s because at that time

there was no State called as Karnataka it was still called as Mysore state then it was renamed as Karnataka later

venkata Ramana devaru was a state of Mysore so in this case Supreme Court again

clarified that nothing doing with attachability everything

fine yeah this is a very simple act private individuals and everything now for the heading 18.

it's also a very simple question simple article article 18 abolition of titles

abolition of titles

fine first one it includes four components four Provisions means sub provisions

it includes four com four provisions and that first one it's like say I'm 18 class 118 Class 2

like that first one State shall not confer confer means

provide c o n f e r State 18 class one point one that's what

is four provisions State shall not confer any title

States shall not confer any title to to either Indian citizens or foreigners

so we Indian government not just Indian government state governments also we can't give any title to anybody

State shall not confer any title to any individual that means what citizen or Foreigner

to either citizens or foreigners clear that is one of the first provision

second provision Clause two Indian citizen

Indian citizen cannot receive Indian citizen

cannot receive Indian citizen cannot receive any title

Indian Reservation cannot receive any title from any foreign country

from any foreign state Indian citizen cannot receive any title

from any foreign state or foreign country that is second provision third provision

plus three any Foreigner any Foreigner who is holding an office

technically office of profit and office of trust they tell if oil they use the same word but will

not discuss it now office of profit that I'll tell you in one zero five any Foreigner who is holding an office

of profit or trust that means office of trust

an office of profit or office of trust just right office of profit or trust

under under gy government of India or state

government under the government of India or state government

fine so any Foreigner who is holding an office in any of those things cannot

receive any title cannot receive any title

from any country cannot receive any title from any

country without the permission of the president president of India

cannot receive any title from any country without the permission of

president of India without the permission of the president

of India when there is Clause we will discuss

that then class 4 an Indian citizen

an Indian citizen on an Indian citizen are

a foreigner holding office of profit

an Indian citizen or a foreigner holding an office of profit

cannot receive cannot receive any emolument

we already told you what do you mean by emolument in addition to salary some of the benefits

cannot receive any emolument emo l-u-e-m-e-n-t

cannot receive any emolument or or other benefits

or other benefits from any country

from any country same without permission of president of India

from any country without permission of

without the permission of president of India

fine so this is what you call it as abolition of titles in simple terms what first point is what does it say

government of India not just government of India ticket has overall State they should not give any titles to anybody it

can be Indians or foreigners so the question comes here what do you mean by this title title what they have how they

have classified it is title is something which you are giving as a kind of hereditary concept which you are giving

just like that without considering their Merit or contribution to the society for example British used to give titles like

Raja Maharaja Nava nizam so many things or sir also sometimes none of such

things are allowed first is no hereditary titles to considering your position that kind of events not allowed

but only exception is what they can give academic and Military title finally for

example what do you call as this Army General major captains this and doctors remember

if you have done mbbs or other Vedas or phds or something they'll give you the uptrends that is also kind of conserved

as title but they have assumed that it is considering your position or whatever the all those things those are the only

two titles which are Exempted

[Music] and by definition what Supreme Court has

said is award is something which is given considering your Merit considering your contribution or achievement in one

or other field hence don't take a test rightly it is because it is not hereditary it is not given considering

how loyal are you towards State it's not for that it's about how how much have you

means achieved or served the society hence don't take it as that that's the

reason Padma Awards is valid it doesn't violate 18. got it so those are the points hence all

those titles have been taken out whatever the Raja Maharaja all those things but you might see sometimes they

keep referring to the term called as Rajan Maharaja even in the media they keep using that but don't get confused

media will use it but we are here we are not talking about only talking about what government should not give them

titles people left to them they can use they can give any titles to anybody for a lot of like what says this um see

swamijis they use the term SRI SRI SRI Ravi Shankar those are all streets their government of India is not giving

people give it so we can't help government should not give it

good so that is the logic so next time when you see those don't get confused

clear that is State should not give then let's say if you are an Indian then what

you should not do you should not take such titles from other countries this was an actually an

issue with respect to Sachin Tendulkar also when he was in like because if you have heard if you follow Cricket also

the series I mean even relatively also you can understand like for those people who achieve to the top level the Queen

of England or let's say the crown of England gives a title called as sir sir Don Bradman sir Reeve Richards sir Gary

servers like that they wanted to give the title sir to Sachin I mean the queen

at that time Elizabeth Queen Elizabeth but then they said no because what it is valid it will be considered as a title

given from win other country not allowed you can take our recently you got Triple R movie Oscar award that is considering

your Merit but again it is not given by Queen and all those things hence they allow it so don't continue with Oscar a

word you can take that lot of people you may be awarded for example some other countries highest civilian honors they

may give I think for Prime Minister Modi himself has got civilian highest civilian honor in so many countries that's an award that's not a title

so like that that differentiate sometimes it may be a little confusion also Whenever there is confusion quotes

will clarify but these are all I think I give you a brother this is called as title this is called as award also

right and even there's a place for foreigners that's what you have written class three and class four let's say what do you mean by that let's say for

example there is a economics professor he is belongs to UK but he is working

where or he belongs to France but he is working as a professor in let's say some IIT some IAM some AMS jnu anywhere Delhi

University somewhere he's working as a professor so that means government of India has appointed you now because you

are working for government of India then what you cannot do you cannot take any title from anybody

Only Exception is what President should give you permission

citizens cannot take any time we are talking about foreigners may take Only Exception is what take president's

permission sir why are we talking about all these things reason the assumption is that loyalty issues one is equality

issue that's why it is mentioned under 14 to 18. treat everybody equally kind of everyone to loyalty matters means

what if you take titles from other countries they have assumed that your loyalties May shift towards them you

should always be loyal towards Indian State Indian government that is one of the reason but core reason is equality that's why it is

under 14 to 18. remember yeah that's a broad idea about these titles yeah clarify all these

points below clarify the points The Only Exception is what

the only exception to the titles is academic and Military title

the only exception to the title is academic and Military title

that means doctor you write those things you know Army General major Captain Etc

only exception to the titles are the academic titles like doctor military

titles like major Captain Etc

fine that is one two again below clarify titles like Raja nawab nizam Etc are

against article 18 hence unconstitutional

titles like Raja Maharaja you know all those things titles like Raja nawab nizam Etc

are against article 18 hence unconstitutional

or against article 18 unconstitutional fine then again next one

Supreme Court has clarified that Supreme Court has clarified that Padma

award is not a title Supreme Court has clarified that Padma

award is not a title but now what is not a title as it is

given Padma award is not a title as it is

given based on their Merit

as it is given based on their Merit and contribution to the society and Nation

as it is given based on their Merit and contribution to the society and

Nation that means it is constitutionally valid

right so last year's 2021 there was a question if you want just in again clarify again clarify Supreme Court has

also said that Supreme Court has also said that

Padma award should not be used as prefix or suffix to the names

Supreme Court has also said that Padma Awards

Padma Awards should not be used as

should not be used as prefix means before your name or after your name

prefix or suffix to the names that means you cannot call keep

officially you can't keep using that name

when prefix or suffix to the names

clear that is another clarification the next one just this was your 2021 question also that as that's why clarify

Padma Awards was only discontinued twice this is not related to 18 I'm just

clarifying it Padma Awards was discontinued only twice means it started

in 1854 it has been discontinued only twice

because it was against Indira Gandhi and they discontinued Padma awards has been discontinued only

twice fine because it is after Independence one is what first is by janatha party

1977 to 79 or 80 you can say

first was by janta party 77 second by PV narsema Rao government

the heat discontinued it for two years

fine that is article 18. broadly we have finished one broader fundamental right

right to equality under that 14 15 16 17 18 5. now

providing rights to Freedom

rights to Freedom Article 19 to 22.

rights to Freedom so this is another one very important Article 19 first one especially

huh

which title hi yes yes

which one was there private they did not give your title because you are King in the past

and then you accepted a joint democracy they had given it okay anyhow you have asked it there's a concept called as you

can write any hope any hope you have written about Raja Maharaja everything have you heard there was a concept

called as privy purse privy persons in simple terms because the princely states or the Kings agreed

to join India what is the government of India say we will give you as a compensation every year so and so amount

annual royalty annual pension you can call it was based on what it was not equal

for all the princely states it was based on how big was your Revenue Hyderabad got the biggest Anya private parts

because Hyderabad was the biggest princely state Mysore got the second because Mysore was second largest I

think third for first Jammu Kashmir fourth was what travancore whatever basic point it was not equal for all of

them it was prominent and Sardar Patel was a person because he had negotiated all these things with uh integration he

strongly argued for that in uh constant assembly also because a lot of people nehru because nehru was by definition or

by concept against monarchy and all those things he said there is no recognition for him because he was

inspired from socialism communism kind of a one which doesn't recognize this or completely against this Monarch case but

patience was a different a little bit more once so hence here strongly it continued remember privy purse was

mentioned in the Constitution itself fine but after 20 years later 1971 26

Constitutional Amendment 1971 Indira Gandhi made it a political issue

in 1971 elections and that for election what she did

abolish through 26th amendment and supreme court has upheld it also it was

undone one it was against democracy democratic ideals was argument to that it is putting huge burden on the already

government was suffering from Financial Resources and like the and she argued it is

putting huge burden on the government again that was also under right anyhow we've written when Martin

you clarify these things privy purse first point is what Define what you mean by that

or maybe it was it was an annual royalty or pension paid by

it was an annual royalty or pension

annual royalty or pension paid by the government of India

to the paid by Union government to the

to the Kings or princely States who had agreed to

join India given to the princely states who had

agreed to integrate with India who had joined India who had agreed to join India

second point was it equal it was not equal for all of all the states

all the princely states it was not equal for all the princely

states it was not equal for all the princely

states then what did it depend on it was based on the that means what how

much revenue they had it was based on their revenue generation

means when homozy generated before when they were Kings it was based on their revenue generation

fine Hyderabad Mysore travancore got the highest

therefore when you are King how much money were you making corrected it obviously before they

integrated with India Hyderabad Mysore Etc got the largest

shell they say you don't have to remember numbers everything you can't do all those things really that is the point fine and where

was it this is the most it was mentioned in the Constitution itself exact article I'm unable to recall you

go search it I think 361 or something it was mentioned in the Constitution

itself

it was mentioned in the Constitution itself then write this

this one

discontinued in other words actually abolished from the Constitution itself it's not there in Constitution now

took the provision away that means abolished it from the coward Constitution

abolished the production from the Constitution

right and now come back let's write the what all is there under Article 19 and

then we'll take a break come back come back it's fine Article 19 it has six components

Article 19 it has six components actually it was seven but one is

abolished again we will discuss that later it has six components

under that first one Article 19 Clause 1 subclass a article 19.1 so 0.1 so pointy like that

19 class 1 subclass what is it freedom of speech and

expression freedom of speech and expression

then just write the list first we'll discuss each one 19 class 1 subclass B

19 class 1 subclass B freedom of assembly

freedom of speech and expression freedom of assembly

then subclass C 19 class 1 subclass C

find Freedom of Association

freedom of Association subclass d

atum of movement

freedom of movement 19 class 1 subclass D freedom of

movement then subclass e freedom to reside and settle

in any part of the territory of India that will just write freedom to recite and settle

freedom to reside and settle and actually it is f but f is remote

then we write G

19 class 1 class G freedom of profession

your livelihood Freedom profession

fine these are six within one article and there are two obviously the most

important one is your first one just put the heading and then we'll do it later freedom of speech and expression

freedom of speech and expression take a break

thank you

welcome back we'll start with

obviously I have given the initial any kind of affirmative action positive

discrimination is obviously aiming for equality of outcome reservation is the most famous most positive measure for

that find anywhere anytime if there is a question on reservation in your entire

upsc you should always pack it yes if there is anything you can

identify the criticism like for example you can say so we have to make sure that

the benefit should reach the last person there is a class within class who are getting benefited actually there are a

lot of other poor who has together like let's take a sub categorization that one you tell

don't tell that nicer I think the idea itself should never ever in upsc history not a lot

fine because it is based on the equity concept it is based on equality of outcome you should always support it

fine identifying the criticism is different I didn't uh opposing ideas different fine so please don't take that

after fundamental rights if you start opposing it so no no way

there are so many things under this again we'll have lot of discussion 19 class 1 subclass a freedom of speech

and expression it is a very broad article

it is a very broad article which includes multiple components

it is a very broad article which includes multiple components and then just keep writing the list

a very broad article which includes multiple components like this includes multiple components like a

freedom of press freedom of press

in bracket you can write there itself the cases Ramesh topper case

freedom of press romesh topper case Bridge bhushan case

topper and Bridge bhushan

Bridge bhushan case I think bhu bhu Bridge bhushan case

whether it's freedom of press then freedom of creative expression

means to make your own movies paintings novels whatever you call them as freedom of creative expression

freedom of creative expression yes rangarajan case of course the recent one like prakash

related Hindi director again there was a movie of him prabhnath all those things are

here freedom of creative expression fine yes rangarajan case

yes rangarajan case

then right to write to know the activities of the

government in simple words right to information right to know the activities of the

government or you can also write it as as I said RTI right to know

the government activities activities of the government or RTA also you can say in bracket you can write what cases pucl

case people's Union for civil liberty right pocl in capital p u c l case

that's it then right to dis right to criticize

right to criticize the government which includes rights to

descend right to criticize the government

right to criticize the government which includes rights to dissent

which includes the rights to descend in bracket case

b-h-i-m-a bhima or biml second right is a place in Maharashtra

bhima koregaon koregaon case

right to descent fine we'll discuss all those things then

right to silence or freedom of Silence

film of Silence in bracket you can write Jehovah Witnesses case j e h o v a h

we'll discuss all of them will one of the other will discuss j e h o v a h

Jehovah Witnesses case Jehovah Witnesses case you can also

write other name for it because this is famous name officially called as bijo Emmanuel versus state of Kerala or bijo

Emmanuel case

Emmanuel e double m a n e u l

okay right video

Emmanuel but very famously called as Jehovah why

is it called as jeho all those things we'll discuss Witnesses case

Jehovah Witnesses case fine this is another one speech and expression and then there is uh

solution is also there okay fine so these are and you can also write write against telephone tapping

typing of conversations write against telephone tapping

write against telephone tapping rights to internet

rights to internet Anuradha bhashin case

in this is related to the Jammu Kashmir one Anuradha version case

you can also add fahima Shirin case

foreign case

then freedom to publish one's own as well as others View

freedom to publish one's own that means your own

freedom to publish one's own as well as others View

freedom to publish one's own as well as others View

as well as others few fine then next one

right to picket and demonstrate

right to picketting rights to pick it or right to picketing

and demonstration right to pick it

and demonstrate fine so like that these are all broadly

the part of your 19 class one sub class a file so look at just look at the list

how brand is it right from what right from you can publish your own view that means you can express yourself you can

write an article you can write a novel book make a video give a speech make a

movie make a painting right from that creative expression as well as not just yours you can also publish that of

others also that is one broad then of course what I'm of press because obviously it's the most important that's

what we keep calling it as what media is called as a fourth pillar of democracy media is called as the Watchdog of

democracy because if media is not independent then how will you check the people in power so obviously freedom of press is very

very important you find that is more than obvious fine then for example right to criticize the government right to

know about what the government is doing right to information and right is right to descend you have written the word

so what is the word you have also also written the word descend where you have written the word descent in margin you

tell what do you mean by that or in general what do you mean by decent Define descend

it refers to or it means

it means having an opinion it means having an opinion what do you

mean by descent having an opinion which is contrary which is opposite

having an opinion which is contrary to

having an opinion which is contrary to the popularly held opinion

having an opinion which is contrary to the popularly held opinion

which is contrary to the popularly held opinion means what most of the people think one way but you may think another

way but that's absolutely fine that's what you call it as right to descend you can have an opinion which is against a

popular opinion also you can also add there itself I mean Justice Chandra chur had

described it as I mean in the in that case he was judge of course now he is CJ

Justice chandrachur had described descent as safety valve of democracy

Justice chandrachod had described

had described descent as descent as

safety valve of democracy safety well means understand right I mean he compared that democracy is like a

pressure cooker and then you remember you have that small valve where you have all the pressure May Escape what if you

if you block the well what can happen then it's like that that means if you don't allow the criticism or different

opinions to easily flow in the society then the Democracy will explode people

will start protesting or revolting Rebellion Civil War anything can happen that's why descent is considered as a

safety valve of democracy find a very important one clear then of course publishing radio expression all those

things are more broader ones now we have written another one called as freedom of Silence silence is in which case which case we

wrote that Jehovah Witnesses case

when it was a case related to I'll tell the case you'll understand what do you mean by it was a case related to which

one Jehovah Witnesses means actually it is a subsect subset means within Christianity

they are one group like how within Hinduism is that like that so many are there

within Christianity they are a group they are not just in India they are there across the world fine even when

Hitler attacked Jews he also attacked these Jehovah Witnesses what is the core point of their belief let them be across

the world wherever they are across the world they will not praise any particular what do you call as this

state they will never wherever they are across the world they are not seeing any country's national anthem or straight anthems nothing they will only because

according to them they should only praise their God means we take it as Jesus whatever some

specific things may vary that's a different issue fine that is their core belief now then what happened

this is actually the father's name is children were there these Jehovah

Witnesses now obviously we know anyone in your schools you might have heard that in your morning prayer what you do you sing the national anthem so they

used to stand there their children I mean his children they used to stand in the queues but they never used to sing

the anthem they just used to stand silent whenever force that they used to tell

that means we are not supposed to say that because we only praise our God so then obviously the children are

suspended from schools the case went to Kerala High Court Kerala High Court said that no you should sing the national

anthem you're in India something like that case came to Supreme Court and Supreme Court said it is part of their article

25 freedom of religion you cannot force anybody to sing national anthem in a country in a

democratic country it is their Liberty let them take the con fine if it is going against their core

religious belief it's absolutely not necessary how is it anti-national means what if

you are trying to do any for example let's say you attack someone like amritpal Singh tried to do some whatever if you are deliberate it is in not it is

in your deed deed means if you do some action which is trying to hurt the public order or anything then you face

the law punishments everything is the same but here you are not trying to disturb others you are not involving in

some other remote terrorist activity or something you are not writing a speech saying again against the Indian nothing

you're trying to do hands on you are not criticizing other religions that you are trying to sing this hence they said even

if a single individual has a different opinion you have to respect that and it stays

now the children were told that they should be reappointed I mean re-admitted to the schools and they're readmitted

that is what you call it as freedom of Silence you can just stand you don't have to necessarily sing

that was the landmark Jehovah Witnesses case it is part of this and then religion also came in picture freedom of

religion got it so I think you got an idea Jehovah Witnesses Emmanuel case what that is the point about they're

like that what else will be right there right against telephone tapping if you don't know that telephone tapping obviously is not allowed by any

government officials in movies they show that all of a sudden the police all things not allowed if in case under

Telegraph Act of 1885 if any telephone conversation has to be tapped it has to

be done on the permission of the Home Secretary if you want to do it in a particular State the Home Secretary will

be there at the state level they should give the permission not by sisp no Home Secretary of the State exceptional cases

may be different in general you should take their permission that is for the telephone conversation under Telegraph act 1885

fine then you have also written right to internet and there you have written a case called as Anuradha bashing case can

you can you see that it was a case related to the Jammu Kashmir one remember abrogation of what

[Music] um 317 2019 and after that almost around

six months or seven months Telephone Connections internet connections everything were shut down

questioned that in the Supreme Court saying is it not violating their form of speech and expression a lot of people

have had do businesses on internets like you know e-commerce everything so what

about their professions then what about their livelihood what about in simple was he found Express Yourself

what if the internet connections are completely cut like that that's why it was remember there was a word called as Internet shutdown even a few days back

even in Punjab it was shut down right it's still there okay fine yeah those

are all internet shutdowns India is called as the internet shutdown capital of the world

fine because any one small event

completely shadow of Internet because we know in the social media era there is a major source of what

connecting with the people and all those things all those things we do so all the how do they do it actually internet

don't is done under Telegraph Act of 1885 and they have will if you want you

can write that in margin you right and where you have written another question case there you can write internet shutdown

and first Define what you mean by that it refers to Temporary shutdown or temporary discontinuation

internet shutdown it refers to Temporary suspension of

it refers to Temporary suspension of Telecom and internet services in a

particular area temporary suspension of Telecom

temporary suspension of the Telecom and internet services in particular area

in a particular area fine so how do you do it then it is done

under it is done based on it is done under Telegraph Act 1885.

it is done under Telegraph act 1885 and under the attack there is a rule Telegraph act 1885 and temporary

suspension of temporary suspension of Telecom Services

rules so both are very important Telecom Telegraph Act

1885 temporary suspension of Telecom Services rules 2017. so underlying both the words

temporary suspension of the Telecom Services rules 2017.

got it so that is internal shutdown and now as of now it is very strict actually you have to take the even the state

government test should sit down within 24 hours the Union Home Secretary has told you can you can write that one

single point Union Home Secretary is the Authority officer responsible to take

decision for this Union Home Secretary mha

Union Home Secretary is the person is the authority

Union Home Secretary is the authority responsible to take decision under this rule our

tradition related to this responsible to take the decision related

to it take the decision related to it

fine like that these are all various aspects related to freedom of speech and

expression a very very broad one fine yeah so now it did we have we

written anything you can also write another one so this you can actually a lot of points related to it for the

heading called as descent I have told you what do you mean by that there's another keyword because

this is related to formal space extraction we are discussing what is it sedition section 124 capital A IPC

section 124 capital A IPC right few points you'll only understand

that first Define what you mean by that it means

it means any kind of expression means it can be through words spoken written

anything so many they tell and just using simple words it refers to any kind of expression

which tries to create any kind of expression

any kind of expression which tries to create disaffection

which tries to create disaffection

any kind of expression which tries to create disaffection or

contempt disrespect that is disaffection or contempt towards the

legitimately elected government

which tries to create disaffection or contempt

towards legitimately elected government or just

tell towards the government towards legitimately elected government so actually by definition if you go what

does that mean if you are criticizing any government policy or any prime minister or chief minister an MLA or MP

very harshly that means what are you doing that means you're asking the people that so-and-so be a prime minister is not

working well cm is not working well so also minister is they will take it as suggestion then

so any kind of disaffection or content that was the this was a controversial what do you mean by disaffection then

anything you criticize will will they'll hurt that means what you should not criticize them

if you don't criticize then how you will put a checks and balance how do you call it as democracy then

all these questions came up because remember this was done by British British had arrested more or less every

major leader under sedition anybody who tries to criticize British rights which happened in the beginning of because he

the first one we missed first major leader restaurant that to nehru to Gandhi to Patel tobo more or less

everybody have been arrested under solution provision that is pre-independence but post Independence

we are a democracy how can you allow that kind of provision to stay then because if it is there how do you

criticize the government then it is it can be easily misused against the opposition on the journalist media

hence what that has done I mean got it what do you mean by suggestion any kind of information expression which affects the government

or disrespects the government is tradition but of course it can't stay below that mention a landmark case so

many cares are there but first like the landmark is

Supreme Court narrowed down narrow down means the score earlier

sedition means H and everything now it is all narrowed only this is tradition Supreme Court has narrowed down the

meaning of solution

someone remote Supreme Court why

so if I if it is fine for you then it's fine Supreme Court has narrowed down the expression narrowed down the scope or

meaning yeah narrowed down the scope or meaning of sedition then what does it include at present

at present it only includes are present it only includes

those expressions at present

it only includes those expressions

it only includes those expression which which

tries to incite violence Insight means

that means you are asking the people to get involved in violence any expression which tries to incite

violence trigger violence or deliberately disturb public order

any expression which tries to incite violence

or deliberately disturb public order

deliberately disturb public order e is called as sedition that's it rest

nothing is tradition then so you should inside violence or you

should try to deliberately disturb public order then it is tradition because remember under IPC sex tradition

can be punished up to life imprisonment to that level it is there it's a cognizable offense that all we'll

discuss later find the other points fine now hence it has narrowed the scope so now other

cases you just add what is it the recent one you might have heard

they knew what is it

also related to sedition remember the which is now where they are famously made us

everything they are named all those things even if the case was put what happened to them you can't put anything

because it is considered as broadly part of speech and expression you may not like their speech but democracy as we

keep telling is what agree to disagree you may not like it fair enough that

doesn't matter no sir my emotions are heard doesn't matter

so that is the point when kanhaya Kumar case binayaks in case

Etc because many are there Arabic is like

that there's also a very famous statement Supreme Court has said in this context Edition you can write that Supreme Court has also clarified that

Supreme Court has all this was actually again in the uh polycologist the kalistan related one

supreme court has also clarified that mere slogan earring slogan hearing means

what if someone shouts kalistan zindabad so many slogans are there right all those things

Supreme Court has clarified that mere slogan earring does not amount to

sedition you may put a case under them under other aspects but that's not tradition

mere slogan earring does not mean or does not amount to solution

fine does not mean solution so like these are all things and even recently what Supreme Law Commissioners

suggested a repeal of this provision law Commission of India

which is the highest body with respect to Legal reforms law commission has suggested repeal of

section 124 yay law commission has suggested repeal of

section 124 a you can also clarify Supreme Court recently has said

law commission suggested to repeal section 124 a Supreme Court has recently said that no

new cases should be registered under 124 a you can't register any new case

Supreme Court has recently said this was just Chandra behave after he became the CJ or probably lalit Kumar I've

forgotten exactly if I know new cases should be registered under Section 124 a

and it also said the pending cases should not be continued trial should

stop no new cases should be registered under 124 a and the existing cases should stop

means no trial should continue existing cases should stay

in the sense nothing no punishments nothing under that no

fine so maybe probably Supreme Court is ready to repeal it fine obviously Chandra should once a

huge Legacy so section 124 goes so so many things will go now so another two

three years so we have to see how it happens so those are all broadly okay fine these are all what

freedom of speech and expression broadly things now below that reasonable restrictions again as we

already told no fundamental right is absolute what is it qualified

so what is that reasonable restrictions fine again right huge list first one

sovereignty and integrity of India first grown

sovereignty and integrity of India

sovereignty and integrity of India B

security of State

security of State see

friendly relations with other countries

third one is friendly relations with other countries

four public order public order

5. decency or morality

decency or morality and six content of court

content content means I've already told you broadly what does it mean disrespect Disobedience contempt of court

then whatever next one incite meant to offense

that means you are what instigating the people to go burn a police station this

that and all those things incitement to an offense and then last one

deformation remember yesterday Rahul Gandhi case defamation

has been disqualified how all those things you'll get to know Lily Thomas very famous cases there will it stand

now and it is setting a new president because if you don't know what what they have told all those things in speeches

there's a defamation definition is I mean in the sense a generic reference to a surname you can't use it for a

specific reference means what they have told is if you avoid mine he has told some line now if

you go by that there is no everybody is different what will politician refer to another politician very in a dignified

manner that yes I respect you I only have ideological differences with you I I

counter you do they speak like that if you go by that actually there is no

end so they have set a new president now in fact now they are trying to make Raul and they're more famous now anyhow we

had got some kind of at least some advantage through Bharat jono now you are just giving him another

advantage so those are all we'll see whatever his

but the point is that we'll discuss from the legal perspective what is Lily Thomas case what is the defamation all

those things we'll discuss under your Parliament chapter what is Section 8 subsection four RP act 1951

two years or two years or more if you get a conviction you will be automatically disqualified

all those things you need basics for that then we'll discuss later so now you have to add there Rahul Gandhi case also

then

that's right is the they have to tell but what uh Kapil says I mean and then there's some other law is what they are

broadly telling now is exactly exactly

um

and he has put the case saying I am hurt my sentiment is heard Community is all those things yeah I have read that I've

read all those things but that's why now they have also have given him an opportunity one month whatever today if

you have seen Lok Sabha secretary has given an order saying because according to the Lily Thomas case interpretation the moment code

gives an order the moment order is out two years or more automatically disqualified this is

just a procedural thing what will happen until the court means

the higher Court either super high court or Supreme Court stays the conviction means

they should say that no no whatever the judgment is there adjustment is not correct until then he's disqualified if

In Case by that time the conductor has if Election Commission decides to go ahead with general election I mean by election for that Rahul Gandhi cannot

contest that also because if you don't under RP act 1951 the number of years of disqualification is two plus six two in

the sins whatever the number of years of sentence that you have got like for Raul Gandhi there for two years two plus six

means what eight years if the conviction is continuing he can't contest election

means 2024 is gone 2029 is gone um

so like that that is the level number of years of disqualification now eight years he can't contest

according to the we of course High courts will stay it all those things will happen that's how it goes if you don't

then you are making a mirror then because that is of Indian politics works

if you have seen so whatever that's a different issue fine okay that's that we'll discuss again in Parliament don't worry so now

uh yeah for this that's why there is a very famous criticism which says that the constitution gives six fundamental

right in one hand and takes it away from another means you give so much of things then what you mentioned this is

reputation that is limitation then why are you giving it then that's why there's a famous climate Christian that find a constitution gives

the fundamental rights on one hand and takes it away from another let's say that's fine those are all criticisms but 19 Clause 2 reasonable

restriction fine yeah this is more than enough now yeah there is another case yeah this

is another very famous case please put it somewhere write it

Shreya single case section 66 Capital yeah Information Technology Act

Shreya single case

um so a single case section 66 inform it means here not income information

technology Act

section 66 capital A Information Technology Act

fine again what was that because again the provision had said broadly that because it is information technology if

you use make use of any kind of Technology based device it can be a mobile computer a laptop this is that

anything and you spread any information which hurts anybody's sentiment or which

is offensive then it will be considered as a non-bailable offense you can be arrested

so it was a very broad one any informations producing any technology device which hurts or so many technical

words they have used which is offensive and all those things disaffection like that will be considered as a criminal offense and you'll be punished for that

so like that during that time what had happened actually when the case was to happen Bala track press death had happened in Miami a very famous usena

founder and all those things then during that time all these words Facebook also very famous in Facebook sorry but in

Facebook was just emerging in Facebook someone had put a whatever articles they said whatever saying that that the

entire city was blocked this and she I think some female and some whatever that said that this is unnecessarily causing

disturbance to the people we also respect the leader but what is the need for doing a strike is that everything they are told

and the police put a case saying you are hurting the sentiments of marathas your maharashtrians and boom bikers and

all those things and she was arrested

and that's what I mean it doesn't matter what exactly they said the point is that out of fear or why are you doing all

these things the city is blocked economy is this this whatever the exact statement doesn't matter point is in

that context and there is another case also which happened finally it went to Supreme Court saying and she put that single because she was arrested that

female under which this point Facebook it's a computer technology based device spread in information which

is hurting other sentiment or which is offensive which is disaffection whatever and Supreme Court said the exact I mean

what they said was the words used in section 67 66 here like any information which is offensive or

hurt someone or what you call as disaffection

they said these are all what vague what do you mean by vague

there is no Clarity the moment you have no Clarity what will happen then

misuse hence

taken out Shreya singhal case a very Landmark case again

what do you mean by that yeah please broadly write what do you mean by section 66 a Information Technology Act

it said that first you write this first Define the Act then we'll write the judgment

section 66 a Information Technology act tell what do you mean by it

any information spread through any information which is spread through

computer-based device or you can say Technology based device

any information which is spread through Technology based device which is

which is offensive again so many technical words they are used so I am just broadly mentioning it

which is offensive are hurts others hurts other sentiments like that

which is offensive or hurts other sentiments or causes disaffection

which is offensive or hurts other sentiments or causes

disaffection or causes disaffection

fine will be considered a criminal offense means you will be sentenced

put in jail will be considered a criminal offense that is a point

clear and what is the Supreme Court say Supreme Court said that and write this

Supreme you put your sentences there Supreme Court said that the words used

are vague vaguely termed the words used are vague

hence no clarity

the terms used are vague in nature hence no Clarity which obviously will lead to

what misinterpretation misuse hence wallets 19 plus 1 subclass a hence

under 13 it is declared unconstitutional

hmm those these words are vaguely termed hence there is lack of clarity then

there is no clarity which may lead to misuse or which will

lead to its misuse lack of clarity which leads to its misuse

fine then again clarify section 66 a violates 19 class 1

subclass a that means it violates your freedom of speech and expression

66 a while aged 19 Clause 1 sub Clause a

hence what declared unconstitutional

hence declared unconstitutional this is actually a super upsc Mains question also that year whenever the Judgment

came I think 2014 I guess it was declared unconstitutional

clear huh so we have written this word this will take a lot of time don't worry this if you understand this rather

articles is very easy where is the word I wrote picketing and all those things where you have written

picketing their book club picket means what let's say you start you stand outside a company and tell the people

not to buy goods from this this that everything you heard those are all called as picketing and demonstration we

have written picketing and demonstration there right Supreme Court has clarified that right to strike is not a

fundamental right strike means what Remember Band they call it as band is not your fundamental

right Supreme Court has clarified that right to strike

is not a fundamental right

a right to strike is not a fundamental right

to strike is not a fundamental right yeah these are all broadly the points related to it now freedom of assembly

Clause 1 subclass B and let's write few points

foreign

can the government ban a particular writer's movie or government ban particular directors or Heroes movie and

allow another particular he was moving

they can only certify it but can the government ban it by Court completely one I could no now let's say you're a

theater owner you're a Bookshop owner you don't write a particular writer you're a book you are owning a Bookshop

fine you don't like a particular writer can you say that this writer's book I'll not put in my shop

you can say that but let's say your government your cbfc head can you say that this hero I don't

like I will not always movie no that means what that's the reason we

keep telling this one was applicable against State as a state you can't do it as an individual you can allow it now

recently Supreme Court has broadly said there is something called as vertical interpolation horizontal interpretation that even vertical interpretation is

also allowed in the sense not just the state we can also apply it against private

individuals 19 Clause 1 sub Clause a but what does that mean Hawaiian will be

the interpreted we have to wait for that but basically get an example keep that in mind whenever any major issue happens

will come across that fine ok so leave that come back to freedom of assembly and right

it provides it provides

freedom for the citizens remember 19 is only for citizens it provides the freedom for citizens

to assemble peacefully it provides the freedom

for citizens to assemble peacefully

in to assemble peacefully in

to assemble peacefully in public land

to assemble peacefully in the public land without arms

erms without arms that is called as foreign

so many things have happened freedom of assembly freedom of protest everything is allowed but look at the words they

have used where is it allowed it is allowed in public land you can't go sit in front of someone's house there or

someone's prop not a load that's why they sit in Jantar Mantra and like there's so many designated

places will be there that they allow fine then without arms means what you

should do it peacefully without you can't carry a weapon and then say okay I will sit here so in public land

obviously not alone without arms peacefully fine and it only includes all kind of

events it's freedom of your it's part of your protest right but sir what if they try to block Highway sir

what if they try to block railways they are sitting peacefully only but they're sitting on the railway tracks

what do you do that's what is your next one it is subjected that means just put

reasonable restrictions because if you have understood speech and expression these are all will automatically flow

reasonable restrictions sovereignty and integrity first one is sovereignty and integrity

of India and two public order so obviously we will disturb the public

orders they are not allow it first one is sovereignty and integrity of India reasonable restriction second

one is public order public order

fine so these are the points so broadly your right to protest the demonstrate dissent everything you can include here

that is your freedom of assembly

where I don't know okay okay because again sovereignty

Integrity business the entire North block South blank parliaments presidents rashtrapati Bhavan everything you have

there there if you allow it same same reason same reasons this same ground

now same ground obviously just because just imagine or else if you if you can recall probably I don't I'm not sure

about the historical or why it happened because recently when you had remembered what is his name

um his father was there Mahindra someone so

during Rajiv Gandhi time what they had done was this of all those things there they had took all these tractors and

everything they came and said remember you have those big glands in India Gate that India gets stretched from India

Gate to rashtrapati born there come and sat there Farmers getting the tractors whatever I don't know what all happened

during that time if you come and sit there and there are some lacks two lakh or three lakh farmers what do you do

then once you come there what do you live Willow latitas and throw them out what if they just spread all across and

Stampede happens people die or what if they what get into the rashtrapati born

what do you do because they came and said there Rajiv Gandhi was forced at that time to agree

to all the farmer's demands free electricity Take It Loan waiver ticket MSP increase tickets free water take it

because that was the power in that's the reason if you have heard his son was saying the same thing that we will also take that tractors and everything we'll

go sit in in that huge lands of India above India Gate so do that's probably I'm just I'm

giving you the what all can happen that's the reason section 120 144 will

always be imposed there because public order imagine the impact North blocks or the

new Parliament building the head of the state

so a huge huge impact it's not so easy and it is needed also absolutely it is needed

yeah fine then next Class C we'll finish up this is again a very

small one freedom of Association 19 class 1 subclass C

freedom of Association again the name itself is look at it

association means what get together make your own groups fine

it includes it includes the freedom to get together

it includes the freedom Social Capital broadly we call it as it includes the freedom to get together and form various

groups associations it includes the freedom to get together

and form various associations or groups anything you can call it as like so what

do you mean by that Association like NGO I mean obviously would have heard Civil

Society NGO shg self-help group companies in general any company

ngos ssgs companies Cooperative societies

like the mother there is Cooperative societies

fine um trade unions student groups pressure

groups trade unions student groups

political parties Etc so freedom of Association is again a

very very broader one find each and more or less everything is allowed there any kind of a group you

can get together make your own company start up political party NGO pressure

group students groups and everything now logic let's say for example you're working in a company or let's say you're

working in Railways Railways have their own what you call this employees Association everything now can they

force you to join the group or let's say there is a political party can any political party force you to

join the party nobody can force you that if you're your company or even outside anything that's

the next one supreme court has clarified that freedom of Association also includes

our 19 classrooms of Class C also includes Supreme Court has clarified that

freedom of Association also includes Freedom not to associate with any group

Supreme Court has also clarified that freedom of Association

also includes Freedom not to associate I think you get

the point Freedom not to associate with any group if you have doubt in bracket you clarify

it means nobody can can be forced to join a group or a party

it means nobody can be forced to join a group Trade union anything

reduce Banning is not allowed you have to

always but but there are conditions conditions they'll put that's your next one let's say for example very simple

thing you might have heard there's a group I mean there is Ias Association a very famous Lobby obviously now is

Association is there now let's say you want to get registered ultimately it's a civil society you have to get registered

remember they keep telling in bracket they put r they have to get registered now like can the iOS Association say

that this MLA this MP will be our head or they can the iso session say that we

will be associated with BJP we'll be associated with Congress no or we'll support this ideology we'll

support BJP ideology communism ideology Congress ideology no you can't that's what we tell if you

foreign look at the word you only have the

freedom to form a group you don't have the freedom to get it registered you don't have the freedom to

get it recognized means just because you make a group you cannot keep on continuing with that what is the

government do government under various acts we will put certain conditions this

is the parameter let's say if you want to make a state government employees Association group or any government

employees group first point they'll tell you should be politically neutral means what don't associate with any political

party or not telling in general I am Telling You example if it is government employees Association you can't associate with any government ideal

Point political parties or their ideologies then all the members should

only be government employees nobody no politician should be allowed to become part of this

then they'll tell you should not openly criticize the government policies or anything like that only if you fulfill

that criteria your party your group is registered or else they are not allow it to be

registered done getting so these are all what you call it as you only have the right to form it

you don't have the right to get it what recognized or registered because that is done under various acts and rules under

which you will have lot of conditions you should fulfill that condition got it yeah please clarify that

19 class 1 subclass C only includes

19 class 1 subclass C only includes the right to form an association

19 class 1 subclass C only includes the right to form an association

the right to form an association that means what it does not include then it does not include the right to get it

registered or recognized it does not include

it does not include the rights to get it registered or recognized

the right to get it registered because what does it depend on it depends on

it depends on the provisions mentioned under

it depends on the provisions mentioned under various Acts or rules

it depends on Provisions mentioned conditions mentioned under

various Acts or rules various Acts or rules

fine now the same logic you apply last year if you have seen popular front of India was banned under unlawful

activities prevention act now our very simple logic can Osama Bin Laden or can dawood Ibrahim say that this is also my

company I am also making my company why are you not alone can a terrorist organization say that

that's your next one reasonable restrictions

same just copy paste what you have written earlier yay so our Indian Integrity of India

sovereignty and integrity of India B public order foreign

Ty sees morality so our intern Integrity of India Public

order morality if you want recent example write it for example in 20 that

is recently popular front of India recently popular front of India was

banned under uapa Acts

recently popular front of India was banned under same one earlier it was called as Simi stood in the Islamic

movement of India that was banned then they all regrouped and made us pf5 now

that is brand now obviously it will happen again they'll regroup and make another one that's a lot but if in case

you are violating any of these parameters any organization will be banned fine yeah so was banned under Europe act

for same reason sovereignty issues public order issues okay that is Clause ones of clause C

then you have another three that we'll discuss tomorrow